信息技术对城市居民出行特征的影响——以南京为例

信息技术在城市生产、生活与管理中的加速应用不仅促使城市空间结构正在发生转型,也影响了城市居民的活动空间特征。论文基于社会调查,以南京为例,考察了信息技术对城市居民交通出行行为特征的影响。总体而言,南京城市居民家庭在接入信息技术上已经有了长足的发展,接入互联网能力迈入快速增长期。但由于各城区间、各郊区间的信息接入能力存在显著差异,这必然会影响居民的出行行为。研究表明:在家办公的出现减少了日常的工作出行。信息网络对居民日常出行的引导作用日益突出,并出现了部分替代。城市居民家庭的交通通讯费用大幅增长,上网时间增长较快,而城区更为明显。

The impact of information technology on the characteristics of urban resident travel: Case of Nanjing

The wide application of information technology in urban production, living and administration not only accelerates the undergoing process of urban spatial transformation, but also affects the spatial characteristics of urban residents' activity. The advance of transportation and information technology bring about the decline in transport costs which is emphasized by the traditional Location Theory, and make urban residents have more choice in the employment and living. Most of the studies about travel and transport behavior of urban residents at home and abroad focus on commuting, shopping, leisure activities, and etc. Based on social investigation, taking Nanjing as an example, the paper explores the impact of information technology on the travel characteristics of urban residents. Generally speaking, in recent years, marked progress has been made to have access to information technology for urban households in Nanjing. However, there is significant gap in the access ability among different central cities and different suburban areas, which has effect on the residents' travel behavior to a certain degree. Studies have shown that teleworking has been accepted by more and more urban residents, and causes a slight reduction of their daily travel, however, the percentage is not big on the whole. At present, the majority of residents spend more time on the network than on their travel time almost every day, thus there is a substantial growth of residents' transportation and communication costs, which is more obvious in the central city. The guiding role of information network in residents' daily travel is growing increasingly prominent, and its substitution role is also partly emerged. Although these preliminary conclusions still need to be verified, they reflect the general trend of the impact which is caused by the application of information technology on China's urban residents' daily travel. To what degree the income, age, occupation of urban residents would have effect on their daily travel needs a further study.