青藏高原盐湖战略性钾资源元素含量变化特征及影响因素

青藏高原盐湖赋存着丰富的钾资源元素。近年来,在全球变暖和大规模人工开发背景下,青藏高原盐湖卤水钾含量和矿化度发生显著变化。系统对比了青藏高原31个盐湖近年来和1990s之前卤水的钾离子含量和矿化度变化情况,分析其主要影响因素。结果显示,近年来青藏高原盐湖钾离子含量和矿化度总体呈现下降趋势,但不同盐湖变化程度不同；藏北高原、可可西里高原、西昆仑等地区盐湖主要受气候-构造-水文等自然因素影响,钾离子和矿化度下降明显；柴达木盆地盐湖受资源开发和人为干预等因素影响,卤水钾离子含量下降,而矿化度略有增加。

The Variation of K Contents in Salt Lakes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its Influencing Factors

The salt lakes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are rich in potassium (K) resources. In recent years, under the influence of global warming and large-scale artificial development, the K contents (g/L) and total dissolved solids (TDS) of salt lakes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau have changed significantly. This paper compared the K contents and TDS of brines in 31 salt lakes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in recent years and before the 1990s, and analyzed the influencing factors. The results showed that the K contents and TDS of salt lakes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau have generally declined in recent years, but the change rates in different salt lakes are different; the salt lakes in the North Tibet Plateau, Hoh Xil Plateau, and West Kunlun Mountains are mainly influenced by natural factors such as climate, tectonic, hydrology, their K contents and TDS decreased significantly; the salt lakes in the Qaidam Basin are affected by human activities, and the K contents in these salt lakes decreased continuously, while the TDS increased slightly.