新疆绿洲当代人地关系紧张情势与缓解途径

讨论了目前新疆人地关系紧张的情势；分析了造成新疆绿洲目前人地关系紧张的主要原因。认为环境先天脆弱、水资源总量有限且分布不均、气候的干暖化等是产生目前新疆人地关系紧张的生态环境前提；快速增长的人口及其不断增长的需求和过激的经济发展政策对环境产生了极大的压力；资源滥用、管理机制不健全、相关法律法规执法不严以及有偿使用制度不完善是造成目前区域人地关系紧张的主要原因。最后讨论了缓解当前新疆人地关系紧张矛盾的途径。

Present Situation of the Man-Land Relationship Inconsistency in the Oases of Xinjiang and the Mitigation Measures

This paper focuses on the recently man-land relationships inconsistency in the oases of Xinjiang. The disorder of the man-land relationships in Xinjiang can be found in almost all aspects in the nature. It is evident that the land degradation and salinization, the shortening of the river courses and the dry-up of the lakes, the enlargement of the flood-affected and the drought-affected areas, the decrease of the pasture production, and the decline of the natural forests in the river valleys, etc. are drastic. The global climate change and especially local human activities have contributed much to these. Therefore, more attention is now being paid to finding the means to allow society to adapt to the unfolding gradually impacts of climate change and human activities. The actual resources, especially water resources use situations, the eco-environmental settings and the implemented development policies in Xinjiang are also carefully analyzed in this paper. It is argued that the technological renovation and the system change should be taken as the main countermeasures to mitigate the present man-land relationship inconsistency in the oases of Xinjiang.