文山州降雨侵蚀力时空分布规律浅析

降雨是导致土壤侵蚀的主要动力因素，降雨侵蚀力反映降雨引起土壤侵蚀的潜在能力。利用文山州内21个雨量代表站月降雨资料，估算文山州降雨侵蚀力，对该地区降雨侵蚀力的年内分布、年际变化特征和空间分布变化规律进行分析。结果表明：文山州降雨侵蚀力空间分布基本与降雨一致，山区为高值区，坝区为低值区；降雨侵蚀力主要集中在汛期（5～10月），各月的差异大于降雨量的差异；文山州降雨侵蚀力长期变化为略减小趋势但不显著，年际变化较年降雨量年际变化显著。

THE ANALYSIS ON SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF RAINFALL EROSIVITY IN WENSHAN PREFECTURE

Rainfall is the main factor of soil erosion, and rainfall erosivity reflects the potential capacity of soil caused by rainfall. Using the monthly rainfall data of 21 rainfall stations in Wenshan Prefecture, the author asses-ses the rainfall erosivity in Wenshan Prefecture and analyzes its variation features of intra - annual and inter - an-nual distribution and its variation law of spatial and temporal distribution. The results show that the spatial distribu-tion of rainfall erosivity basically consistent with that of rainfall in Wenshan Prefecture. Its value in mountain area is bigger than that in reservoir area. The variation among months of rainfall erosivity in Wenshan Prefecture is greater than that of rainfall and mainly occurs in the flood season from May to October. The rainfall erosivity de-creases slightly in a certain long time and it isn't marked. But its inter - annual variation is more significant than that of rainfall.