对地日冕物质抛射研究

日冕物质抛射，作为太阳大气中频繁发生的极为壮观的活动现象，越来越受到太阳物理学家的关注。其中一类特殊的抛射事件－－对地日冕物质抛射，通常与大的地磁暴、行星际激波和高能粒子事件相伴生，具有强烈的地球物理效应，是影响空间天气的主要因素之一。概括了对地日冕物质抛射的研究现状，重点介绍了与对土日冕物质抛射事件相联系的光球向量磁场演化的观测研究成果，并由典型事件探讨了暗条爆发、耀五等剧烈太阳活动和对地日冕物质抛射之间的密切关系，提出了尚待解决的主要问题和进一步的研究方向。

Earth-directed Coronal Mass Ejection

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs), known as the most spectacular form of solar magnetic activ- ity, are of great scielltific significance in the fields of solar physics. As one special kind of CMEs, earth-directed CMEs are usually associated with severe geomagnetic storms and interplanetary shocks as well as high-energy partic1e events. They are main factors of space weather and have strong geoeffectiveness. This paper summarizes the most recent progress of earth-directed CMEs, and mainly focuses on the evolution of the photosphere magnetic field associated with them. The relationships between earth-directed cMEs and filamellt eruptions, nares and other solar activities are discussed. Finally, some open questions and future researches are presented.