基于多源数据的昆明市主城区建筑区热环境分析

运用Quickbird、Landsat TM/ETM+、Modis、房地产图、卫星过境时气象资料等数据，研究了昆明市主城区建筑区热环境特征。采用Modis数据进行Landsat band 6数据有效性验证，采用ENVI的FE模块进行基于Quickbird的城中村提取，分析连片建筑区、城中村和住宅小区的地表温度（LST）的空间分布特征。结果表明：城内、城郊地表热环境差异很明显；建筑区地表温度高温区逐渐从一、二环间向二、三环间移动；城中村和住宅小区的LST均温都存在相同特征：一环内＞一、二环线间＞二、三环线间＞南三环外区域；2000-04-24住宅小区LST均值比城中村高0.5℃，2008-04-06城中村LST均值比住宅小区高1℃，2个时期住宅小区温度范围波动均比城中村大。

Analysis of Thermal Environment of the Main Urban Area of Kunming Based on Muti-source Data

Urban thermal environment is a comprehensive embodiment of environmental effect of urban landscape ecosystem. Quickbird, Landsat TM/ETM+ data, Modis data, estate map and the timely meteorological data at the satellite passed were used to study the characteristics of thermal environment in main urban districts of Kunming City. Modis data and the meteorological data at the satellite passed were used to testify the validity of Landsat TM/ETM+ Band 6. The Feature Extraction module of ENVI was used to extract the data of urban villages based on Quickbird data. The spatial distribution characteristics of the LST of built-up areas, residential compounds and urban villages were analyzed. The result shows that the Landsat data are useful and close to the average condition. There is obvious difference between urban thermal environment and rural thermal environment. The higher LST move from the area between the first ring and the second ring to that between the second ring and the third ring. The distribution of LST of urban villages and residential compounds presented such a pattern as: LST of the area inside the first ring>LST of the area between the first ring and the second ring>LST of the area between the second ring and the third ring>LST of the area outside the third ring in the study area. Higher LST urban villages and higher LST residential compounds are found and listed. The average LST of residential compounds is 0.5℃ higher than that of urban villages on April 24th, 2000. But, the average LST of urban villages is 1℃ higher than that of residential compounds on April 6th, 2008.