技术关联与城市产业增长研究

动态外部性对于城市产业增长具有显著影响,考察技术关联与城市产业增长之间的关系,并结合产业特征和区域特征构建产业—空间新增长模型,探讨技术关联对城市产业增长的影响机制。采用1998-2008年中国工业企业数据库的数据,研究发现产业特征和区域特征与技术关联存在相互作用,技术密集型产业的技术关联显著促进产业增长,此外东部地区技术关联越高,产业增长越迅速。研究表明,技术关联对城市产业增长的影响具有显著的促进作用,且在不同产业内部和不同区域间存在显著差异。

Relatedness and urban industrial growth

Dynamic externalities have attracted broad attention in industrial growth researches. Both specialization and diversification, also known as MAR externalities and Jacobs externalities, have significant impacts on urban industrial growth. Empirical results in developed countries fail to reach a consensus about dynamic externalities, while researchers draw the similar conclusions in China, that competence amongst industries, on contrary to specialization, contributes to industrial growth, and diversification remains to be further researched yet. Technology has always been a key sector in economic growth theory. In recent years, evolutionary economic geographers emphasize the role of technology, more specifically, knowledge spillover and relatedness in economic geography studies, especially in regional development and industrial growth areas. Analyzing industrial growth using relatedness conduces to comprehension of dynamic externalities. China has embarked on the road to reform and opening up and so far had extraordinary hyper growth in recent decades, thus becoming the world's largest manufacturing factory. Research on China's rapid urban industrial growth is conductive to industrial growth and even economic geography literatures. Through setting up a new industrial and regional growth model, this study analyzes the relationship between relatedness and urban industrial growth in China considering about both industrial characteristics and regional differences. Defining relatedness based on industrial co-occurrence not only reflects technological relatedness, but also reflects all the other underlying conditions behind it, such as institution, infrastructure and so forth. Samples cover the period from 1998 to 2008 for 287 cities in China. The results indicate that relatedness generates strong positive effect on urban industrial growth. Moreover, different factor-intensive industries and different regions exhibit dissimilar effects. Industries which are technically intensive tend to have a higher growth rate. Meanwhile, the effect on urban industrial growth generated by relatedness is much higher in eastern China than in other parts. This paper enriches the empirical and theoretical relation between relatedness and urban industrial growth, especially in China. At the same time, it provides reference to local governments on regional industrial policies, raises the discussion between path dependence and path creation, and is instructive to the enhancement of regional growth and economic development.