基于DEA-Malmquist模型的唐山市工业经济与能源全要素生产率分析

以唐山市34个工业行业的面板数据为基础,选择DEA和Malmquist指数模型,对1992~2012年全要素经济生产率、2000~2012年全要素能源生产率及其分解结果进行了分析,并对全要素经济生产率、全要素能源生产率分别进行了影响因素分析。结果发现：研究期内,全要素经济生产率、全要素能源生产率均有所提高,其中技术进步发挥了最主要作用。总体上,经济、能源的TFP指数均在2010年表现最优。分行业看,唐山市的传统优势产业的经济、能源TFP指数增长较快,这对唐山未来产业转型和重组产生了较大阻力,但是也显示出能源集约化程度有所提高。从根本上看,产业结构的不合理不仅束缚了经济、能源效率的提高,且连带影响了对外开放水平的进步及能源结构的优化。通过对唐山市工业行业经济、能源的静态与动态效率分析,并进行影响因素分析,可判定唐山工业发展的质量及各行业的发展差异,为区域进一步转型发展提供理论依据。

Industrial Economy and Energy TFP of Tangshan City Based on DEA and Malmquist Model

Based on the panel data of 34 industries in Tangshan City, this article analyzed the total factor productivity analysis (TFP) of economy and TFP of energy in 1992-2012, with the help of DEA-Malmquist Index Approach, DEAP2.1 software. It was found that, the technological advances had played a major role for the increases of the economy and energy productivity of TFP during the study period. Totally, the economy and energy index of TFP were the best in 2010, and the TFP index in traditional advantage industry of Tangshan City grew rapidly among different industries. In terms of economic efficiency, 5 industries like ferrous metal mining industry, non-ferrous metal mining industry, agricultural and sideline food processing industry, furniture manufacturing, and metal products showed high industry development efficiency. And in energy efficiency, the non-ferrous metal mining industry, coal mining and washing industry, ferrous metal mining industry, general equipment manufacturing industry showed the same trend. This phenomenon would be a larger resistance in the future’s industrial transformation and restructuring. However, it also showed that the increasing energy intensification. Scientific investment, information technology, and energy self-sufficiency have a positive impact on the improvement of energy efficiency, while industrial structure and energy structure have suppressed energy efficiency. The conventional economic construction, urbanization process can promote economic efficiency, and the lack of investment in science and technology could reduce the speed of efficiency. Basically, irrational industrial structure not only hindered the enhancement of economy and energy efficiency but also affected the progress of opening-up and improvement of energy structure.