长江中游港口腹地演变及港口-腹地经济协调发展研究

运用场强模型计算2001年以来长江中游主要港口的场强值,分析长江中游港口腹地演变特征及趋势,参照钱纳里多国模型划分腹地经济的发展阶段,运用协调发展度和相对发展度模型对处于不同经济发展阶段的腹地与其所属港口的协调关系进行评价,从而把长江中游港口-腹地隶属关系和协调关系纳入统一的研究框架。研究表明：2001年以来长江中游主要港口的场强在递增的同时区域异质性不断扩大。各港口腹地范围差异显著,但总体空间格局变化不显著,且港口腹地演变呈现扩大、缩小和趋于稳定3种态势。港口与腹地的综合协调关系整体处于港口发展滞后于腹地经济发展的磨合阶段,且表现出显著的空间分异特征;经济发展阶段、产业结构、自然条件、交通运输等因素对各港口与腹地经济的协调关系产生不同程度的影响。

Hinterland Evolution of Ports in Midstream of the Yangtze River and Coordination Development of Port-Hinterland Economy

The study on the port-hinterland relation at a regional level has become a hotspot in the field of economic geographies. This article calculates the field-strength of ports in Midstream of the Yangtze River(MYR) value on the method of field-strength model in recent years, and characteristics and trends of hinterland evolution in MYR are analyzed. Next, phases of economic development are divided by referring to Chenery’s multi-national model. Based on above researches, it evaluates the coordination development of ports and hinterland economics which are in different development phases by using coordinated development degree and relative development degree model. Consequently, this article puts the affiliation and coordination relation into a unified research framework. The results show that the field-strength value of ports in MYR increases progressively, while the regional heterogeneity has been expanding since 2001. Secondly, significant difference is found in the scope of hinterland, but the overall spatial pattern of hinterlands shows no great change. Besides, there are three kinds of trends of hinterland evolution: enlarging trend (Wuhan port hinterland, Jiujiang port hinterland and Yueyang port hinterland); shrinking trend (Jingzhou port hinterland, Nanchang port hinterland and Changsha port hinterland) and stable trend (Huangshi port hinterland and Yichang port hinterland). Thirdly, in general, the comprehensive coordination relation of ports and hinterland economics is in break-in phase, which port development lags behind hinterland economic development, and it is characterized by its significant spatial differentiation. Phases of economic development, industrial structure, natural condition and transportation have different influences on coordination relation.