基于交通通达性的关中—天水经济区县际经济联系测度及时空动态分析

基于关中—天水经济区58个县级城市公路、铁路站点、航空机场的加权平均旅行时间、经济联系强度和隶属度数据,运用GIS网络分析和探索性空间数据分析方法,从公路、铁路站点、航空机场不同交通方式的角度全面剖析1980-2014年关中—天水经济区县际经济联系网络空间格局与演化特征。研究发现：关中—天水经济区县级城市不同交通方式通达性提高幅度与其经济联系总量增幅呈现耦合性,但前者存在显著的空间自相关和集聚性,后者存在弱相关性和集聚性,城市综合质量与基于不同交通方式的城市经济联系总量呈显著正相关;基于不同交通方式的县际经济联系中龙头城市、孤岛城市、孤点城市并存,大多城市处于自我发展阶段,区域一体化进程缓慢;形成西咸—宝鸡—天水串珠状组团多核经济联系空间格局,组团之间经济联系微弱,沿交通干线形成横向弱经济联系轴线。

The measurement of inter-county economic linkage and spatio-temporal dynamics analysis in Guanzhong-Tianshui economic region based on the traffic accessibility

China has initially formed the full opening-up mode since reform and opening-up. But the economic development level of western China is relatively low in this mode. Inland and border areas will be further opened up, which has become a new advantage of China's economic development with the deepening of economic globalization and regional integration. The national 12th Five-Year Plan Outline and the central working conference of urbanization claimed to speed up the development of Guanzhong-Tianshui economic region, and to cultivate it to be one of the new economic growth poles in the western region of China. The Guanzhong-Tianshui economic region is located in the center of Asia-Europe continental bridge. In the new period of national opening up of western China, the economic development of this economic region is closely related to the results of opening up in the entire northwest territories and national prosperity and stability. The Guanzhong-Tianshui economic region includes Xi'an, Xianyang, Baoji, Tongchuan, Weinan, Yangling district, Shangluo's Shangzhou district, Luonan county, Zhashui county and Danfeng county in Shaanxi province and Tianshui in Gansu province. Based on the weighted average travel time, intensity of economic linkages and membership data of city roads, railway sites, aviation airports of the 58 counties in Guanzhong-Tianshui economic region, this paper utilizes GIS network analysis and exploratory spatial data analysis method to make a comprehensive analysis of the spatial pattern and evolution of economic relation between counties in Guanzhong-Tianshui economic region from 1980 to 2014 from the aspects of different means of transportation including roads, railway sites and aviation airports. The results show that there is a coupling between the increase level of accessibility of different means of transportation and the gross economic linkages in counties of this economic region. The increase level of accessibility of different means of transportation has a significant spatial autocorrelation and integration, and the gross economic linkages in counties are just the opposite. Meanwhile, there is a positive correlation between city's comprehensive quality and city's gross economic relations based on different means of transportation. In the economic relations between counties based on different means of transportation, leading cities and isolate cities coexist, most of which are in the stage of self-development, thus the regional integration process is slow. Besides, the spatial pattern of multinuclear economic relations with catenulate groups has formed, which concerns Xi'an-Xianyang, Baoji, and Tianshui. There exists little economic linkage between these groups, and a horizontal axis of the weak economic ties has formed along the arterial traffic.