与铁相关的几种渗透反应格栅材料性能的比较

挥发性氯代有机化合物为地下水和饮用水中最常见的挥发性有机污染之一。文中对日益引人注意的渗透反应格栅(PRB:permeable reactive barrier)材料进行了研究。主要在实验室条件下,利用中国现有的实用性材料———铸铁的铁屑、实验室合成双金属和纳米双金属作为反应介质,对反应的脱氯效果和机理、还原性脱氯的反应动力学和影响因素进行初步的研究,以寻求一种可以大量得到的廉价而高效的材料,研究它对氯代烃的降解效率。在研究中选择最有代表性的CT和PCE作为目标污染物,讨论粒状铁、双金属以及纳米双金属对氯代有机物的降解速率,确定气相色谱法测定水溶液中的氯代有机物浓度的最佳实验条件,比较3 类反应介质的特点和应用范围。

Comparison of capabilities of permeable reactive barrier (PRB) mediums related to iron

Chlorinated solvents are widely used in industries. The persistence and mobility of these hydrocarbons in the subsurface was largely not anticipated, therefore traditional disposal practices have led to widespread groundwater contamination. A possible alternative to the pumping treatment is the containment of the contamination with in-situ barriers using reactive media to degrade the contaminants present in the groundwater. The system is called permeable reactive barriers (PRBs). The common materials for volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons are granular iron, related Fe(Ⅱ) mineral system and bimetallic system. We have conducted a series of batch experiments using materials collected in China. PCE and CT are the target contaminants in this study.The main objectives are to study the mechanism of dechlorination, efficiency of degradation, and a reliable analytical method of gas chromatography to detect volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons. The characteristics and application range have also been compared in the study.