Post-glacial regional climate variability along the East Antarctic coastal margin—Evidence from shallow marine and coastal terrestrial records |
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| Authors: | Elie Verleyen Dominic A Hodgson Koen Sabbe Holger Cremer Steven D Emslie John Gibson Brenda Hall Satoshi Imura Sakae Kudoh Gareth J Marshall Andrew McMinn Martin Melles Louise Newman Donna Roberts Steve J Roberts Shiv M Singh Mieke Sterken Ines Tavernier Sergey Verkulich Evelien Van de Vyver Wim Van Nieuwenhuyze Bernd Wagner Wim Vyverman |
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| Institution: | aProtistology & Aquatic Ecology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S8, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium;bBritish Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK;cTNO Built Environment and Geosciences, Geological Survey of the Netherlands, Princetonlaan 6, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands;dUniversity of North Carolina, Department of Biology and Marine Biology, 601 S. College Rd., Wilmington, NC 28403, USA;eLandscape Logic, Marine Research Laboratories, Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute, Private Bag 49, Hobart TAS 7001, Australia;fDepartment of Earth Sciences and the Climate Change Institute, Bryand Global Sciences Center, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA;gNational Institute of Polar Research, 10-3, Midori-machi, Tachikawa-shi, Tokyo, 190-8518, Japan;hInstitute of Antarctic and Southern Ocean Studies, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia;iInstitute of Geology and Mineralogy, University of Cologne, Zuelpicher Str. 49a, D 50674 Cologne, Germany;jPAGES International Project Office, Zähringerstrasse 25, Bern, 3012, Switzerland;kAntarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, Private Bag 80, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia;lNational Centre for Antarctic & Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Headland Sada, Vasco-Da-Gama, Goa 403804, India;mDepartment of Polar Geography, Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, Bering St., 38, St. Petersburg 199397, Russian Federation |
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| Abstract: | We review the post-glacial climate variability along the East Antarctic coastline using terrestrial and shallow marine geological records and compare these reconstructions with data from elsewhere. Nearly all East Antarctic records show a near-synchronous Early Holocene climate optimum (11.5–9 ka BP), coinciding with the deglaciation of currently ice-free regions and the optimum recorded in Antarctic ice and marine sediment cores. Shallow marine and coastal terrestrial climate anomalies appear to be out of phase after the Early Holocene warm period, and show complex regional patterns, but an overall trend of cooling in the terrestrial records. A Mid to Late Holocene warm period is present in many East Antarctic lake and shallow coastal marine records. Although there are some differences in the regional timing of this warm period, it typically occurs somewhere between 4.7 and 1 ka BP, which overlaps with a similar optimum found in Antarctic Peninsula terrestrial records. The differences in the timing of these sometimes abrupt warm events in different records and regions points to a number of mechanisms that we have yet to identify. Nearly all records show a neoglacial cooling from 2 ka BP onwards. There is no evidence along the East Antarctic coastline for an equivalent to the Northern Hemisphere Medieval Warm Period and there is only weak circumstantial evidence in a few places for a cool event crudely equivalent in time to the Northern Hemisphere's Little Ice Age. There is a need for well-dated, high resolution climate records in coastal East Antarctica and particularly in Terre Adélie, Dronning Maud Land and Enderby Land to fully understand the regional climate anomalies, the disparity between marine and terrestrial records, and to determine the significance of the heterogeneous temperature trends being measured in the Antarctic today. |
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| Keywords: | Antarctica Holocene climate change warm period paleolimnology marine geology |
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