陷落柱的高斯射线束法模拟

以山西潞安矿区地层为参照，建立圆锥状陷落柱模型，模型区域为0，1000]×0，600]。分别在模型（0，0）、（250，0）和（500，0）三点激发，101道接收，道距10m。采用高斯射线束法对陷落柱模型进行地震射线追踪，模拟结果表明陷落柱柱面产生的反射波只有小部分能为地表所接收，难以形成能量可观的连续的反射波。另外根据射线路径，提出了延迟反射波（包括“反射—透射波”和“透射—反射波”）的概念，认为延迟反射波是在地表一定范围内可以接收到的陷落柱的特征波，它对CMP道集、水平叠加及偏移处理均会造成影响，从而影响陷落柱的地震解释精度。延迟反射波很可能就是实际揭露陷落柱规模小于地震资料解释结果的原因之一。

Modeling of Subsided Column with Gaussian Beam Method

To take strata in the Shanxi Luan mining area as reference, modeled a coniform subsided column, model area is 0, 1000]×0, 600]. Typical points of （0, 0）, （250, 0） and （500, 0） on the model were selected respectively to carry, out shooting, 201 traces receiving, group interval 10m. The Gaussian beam method has been used to trace subsided column seismic ray, the modeling results have demonstrated that only a small part of subsided column surface reflected wave can be received on the ground and hard to form considerable continuous reflection wave. Besides, based on the ray path, advanced a concept of delayed reflection wave （including ＂reflection-transmission wave＂ and ＂transmission-reflection wave＂）, considered that the delayed reflection wave is signature of subsided column can be received on the ground in a certain extent, and it will affect CMP trace gather, horizontal stacking and migration processing, consequently affect subsided column seismic interpretation precision. Thus the delayed reflection wave is one of possible causation resulted in extent of true subsided column smaller than seismic data interpreted extent.