基于气象大数据的陕西苹果北扩区冻害风险分析

采用陕西苹果北扩区国家基本（基准）气象站数据和该区191个自动气象站数据，基于农业气象灾害气候风险形成原理，计算该区苹果花期冻害、越冬冻害的气候风险指数以及环境脆弱性风险指数，并基于地理信息系统平台绘制各项风险的分布图。结果显示：低风险区主要分布在清涧、绥德、吴堡的全境，子洲南部大部，米脂、佳县东南部大部；中风险区主要分布在横山、靖边东部、榆阳南部、神木中部；高风险区主要分布在定边和吴起全境、志丹北部大部、靖边西部，榆阳、神木、府谷的北部。

Risk Analysis of Freezing Injury in Northern Expansion Area of Shaanxi Apple Based on Meteorological Big Data

As part of the largest contiguous apple planting area worldwide, the newly expanded production area in north Loess Plateau has a potential risk of apple-tree freezing injury due to its geography and climate characters. Carrying out risk zoning is urgent to support the disaster prevention and mitigation, and variety deployment. Based on data from national ordinary station and 191 automatic weather stations in Shaanxi, we analyzed the climate risk index and environmental vulnerability risk index of apple-tree freezing injury during flowering and overwintering. Risk distribution maps are drawn using the ArcGIS. The results show that, low risk areas are mainly distributed in Qingjian, Suide, Wubu, most of south Zizhou, most of southeast Mizhi and Jiaxian. Middle risk areas are mainly distributed in Hengshan, east Jingbian, southYuyang, and central Shenmu. High risk areas are mainly distributed in Dingbian, Wuqi, most of north Zhidan, west Jingbian, northYuyang and Shenmu and Fugu.