内蒙古大(暴)雪与白灾的气候学特征

使用１９６１～１９９８年内蒙古１１８个地面测站的历史资料及同期亚欧５００ｈＰａ高空资料，分析了内蒙古大（暴）雪及白灾的气候学特征。结果表明，发生大（暴）雪频率最高的地区是内蒙古的东部和南部，而白灾最重的地区却是内蒙古北部。指出产生“坐冬雪”是形成白灾的必要条件，给出了产生“坐冬雪”的气象指标，总结了内蒙古大（暴）雪的环流特征。

The Climatic Features of Heavy Snow,Snowstorm and Snow Disaster in Inner Mongolia

The climatic features of heavy snow,snowstorm and snow disaster happened in Inner Mongolia were analyzed by using of the historical data of 131 meteorological observing stations in Inner Mongolia and the aerological 500hPa data in Asian-European region from 1961 to 1988.The analyses show that most of the heavy snow,snowstorm usually occurred in the east and north of Inner Mongolia,but the most severe snow disaster took place in the north of the area,and Zuodongxue(keeping snows cover in whole winter) is essential condition of snow disasters,and the meteorological parameters forming Zuodongxue were determined.The circulation features of heavy snow,snowstorm and snow disaster in Inner Mongolia were summarized.