南极洲万达盐湖水的悬浮物中的粘土矿物和痕量金属组成的研究

南极洲万达盐湖水中悬浮物的流量 :水深 1 2m ,1 1 9 673mg/cm2 ·a;3 2m ,67 93mg/cm2 ·a;45m ,1 5 82mg/cm2 ·a;48m ,9 46mg/cm2 ·a ;60m ,1 3 5 5mg/cm2 ·a ;65m ,3 0 3 3mg/cm2 ·a。湖水悬浮物中粘土矿物主要为伊利石 ,含量 64～ 67% ,次为绿泥石 ,含量 2 5～ 3 0 % ,蒙脱石仅含 5 9～6 6% ,而高岭石含量极低。湖水悬浮物中痕量金属的含量 :水深 1 2m ,Cr 5 4 3 μg/g、Cu 1 1 9 3 μg/g、Ni 5 3 4μg/g、Co 2 3 9μg/g、Cd1 43 μg/g;3 2m ,Cr 44 9μg/g、Cu 1 1 8 7μg/g、Ni 5 0 2 μg/g、Co 1 9 4μg/g、Cd 1 5 1 μg/g;45m ,Cr 5 3 μg/g、Cu1 42 8μg/g、Ni 5 9 8μg/g、Co 1 9 8μg/g、Cd 1 83 μg/g ;60m ,Cr 1 3 2 μg/g、Cu 49 6μg/g、Ni 1 3 4μg/g;Co 4 3 μg/g、Cd 0 3 7μg/g ;65m ,Cr 7 4μg/g、Cu 1 7 6μg/g、Ni6 7μg/g、Co 2 4μg/g、Cd 0 3 6μg/g。悬浮物中痕量金属含量高低顺序 :Cu>Cr>Ni>Co >Cd。在水深 60m以上 ,悬浮物中痕量金属主要被束缚在硅酸盐、锰的氧化物及铁的氢氧化物悬浮物颗粒上 ,在水深 60m以下 ,则主要被束缚在硅酸盐矿物及有机质颗粒上。

STUDY OF CLAY MINERALS AND TRACE METALS COMPOSITION OF SUSPENSIONS IN WATER COLUMN OF VANDA LAKE IN ANTARCTICA

Clay minerals in the suspension are illit,64～67%;chlorite,25～30%;montmorillonite,5.9～6.6% and Kaollite rare.Clay minerals in the suspension are similar to these in the Onyx River and the lake bottom sediments.The clay mineral content in the suspensions in the upper fresh water is not clearly realated to the water depth ,the clay contentis very low and no chlorite is found at depth of 65m.With the increase of water depth,distribution coefficient (Kp)of the trace metals decreases gradually.The suspension controls the vertical immigration of trace metals in the lake water.The trace metal content sequence in the suspension are:Cu＞Cr＞Ni＞Co＞Cd.In the upper 60m,trace metals are mainly bound on the silicate minerals,man ganes oxide and ion oxyhydrate particles;under 60m deep,they are mainly bound on organics and silicate minerals.