87Sr/86Sr ratio: a natural tracer to monitor groundwater flow paths during artificial recharge in the Bangkok area, Thailand |
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Authors: | Janina S Klaus Bent T Hansen Somkid Buapeng |
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Institution: | 1. Geosciences Center University of G?ttingen, University of G?ttingen, Goldschmidtstrasse 3, 37077, G?ttingen, Germany 2. Department of Groundwater Resources, Rama VI Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
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Abstract: | The aquifer system in the Thon Buri sedimentary basin below the deltaic flood plain of the Chao Phraya River, central Thailand, has been exploited for public water supply for the capital Bangkok since the early 1920s. Groundwater withdrawal, currently 1.4 million m3/d, has resulted in a maximum decline in hydraulic head of up to 40 m. This has induced land subsidence of as much as 1.7 m (1940–1992) in the eastern suburbs of the metropolis. Artificial injection of purified water within an area-wide network of recharge wells could constitute a remedy to slow the water level depression within the sedimentary basin, and thus the subsidence. This requires a prior shutdown of water withdrawal. The flow paths of the injected water can be traced by changes in the 87Sr/86Sr ratio of the groundwater and injected water mixture within the three main aquifers in the basin that are used for public supply. The ratios, monitored at five monitoring stations within the cone of depression, have been constant over 3 years. Injection of the calculated cone volume of 5.2?×?109 m3 would take at least 10 years, depending on the injection pressure and the number and position of wells. |
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Keywords: | Bangkok Subsidence Strontium Tracer tests Artificial recharge |
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