论当前我国劳动密集型产业的发展

我国目前正处于工业化中期,发展劳动密集型产业对促进就业、提高劳动者收入、发挥潜在经济增长力、实现社会稳定等方面都具有重要的意义。我国目前发展劳动密集型产业符合比较优势,但比较优势并不等于竞争优势。当前我国劳动密集型产业仍然存在附加值低、劳动生产率低、企业自身竞争力弱、贸易磨擦频发、价格贸易条件恶化等一系列问题,严重影响了我国外贸的可持续发展。通过对上述问题的剖析,阐述了劳动密集型产业与技术进步、资本技术密集型产业以及国际贸易之间的关系,认为应该实现劳动密集型产业的比较优势向竞争优势的转换,并从不同的角度提出了政府、企业为实现这种转变应采取的措施。

On the Development of Labor-intensive Industry in China

Our national economy is in metaphase of industrialization now.So the development of labor-intensive industry is of great importance for China,providing more job opportunities,increasing employees’ income,promoting economic growth potentials,and realizing social stability.The development of labor-intensive industry conforms to present comparative advantage in China,but the comparative advantage doesn’t often amount to the competitive advantage.There are still some hidden problems in labor-intensive industry,namely added value is small,labor productivity is low,and competitiveness of enterprises is weak etc.The labor-intensive industry also causes the trade conflict and makes the terms of trade worse and so on,which has negative impact on sustainable development of trade in China.The paper analyzes the above problems and explains the relations between labor-intensive industry and scientific and technological progress,capital-intensive or technology-intensive industry,and international trade as well.At last,the author think that the comparative advantage of labor-intensive industry should be transferred into competitive advantage and put forward what kind of measures should be taken by the government and enterprises respectively from different point of views.