胶州湾的初级生产力和新生产力

海洋初级生产力是海洋食物链的基础,是进行海洋生物资源评估和合理开发利用的基本依据。70年代在国际生物圈计刘(IBP)的推动下,本领域的一些学者曾在世界各大洋的代表性海区进行过大量现场观测研究。最近,随着世界性的资源与环境问題的日趋严重,全球C循环已成为人们关注的研究课题。海洋初级生产力是了解全球C循环必不可少的指标之一,因而再度成为生物海洋学家的研究对象。新生产力是总初级生产力的一部分,亦是海洋N循环的特征参数,对于大洋水域而言,它反映了真光层生物群落的净生产力,代表了真光层向下输出的C通量,是当今有关国际研究计划,如全球海洋通量联合研究( JGOFS)的核心内容之一。初级生产力和新生产力的研究,对于海洋生物资源的持续利用和C、N生物地球化学循环具有十分重要的意义。 胶州湾作为我国温带地区的典型海湾,已成为我国生态研究系统网络(CERN)的野外观测站。代表性的地理位置和强度开发下的生态条件,使其生态学资料在环境监测和资源开发方面极具理论意义和应用价值。胶州湾的初级生产力曾用黑白瓶生氧量法测定过(郭玉洁等,1992),而新生产力的实测研究在国内尚属空白。本文运用14C,15N同位素示踪方法,在胶州湾进行了季节性的初级生产力和新生产力现场实验研究,获得了比较系统的观测资料。

PRIMARY PRODUCTION AND NEW PRODUCTION IN JIAOZHOU BAY

Field studies on primary production and new production in Jiaozhou Bay carried out seasonally from Nov. 1991 to May 1993 showed that primary production was higher in spring and summer(434-1271mgC?m-3?d-1), and lower in autumn and winter. New production followed the similar pattern, but had more fluctuations.Compared with other coastal regions, primary production in Jiaozhou Bay was at the middle level, and new production was at a very low level. The f-ratio ranged from 0.05 to 0.14. The low level of the f-ratio was mainly due to the relatively low supply of NO-3-N throughout the year. The f-ratio given by the traditional definition might be an under-estimate for the nearshore waters like those of Jiaozhou Bay since a certain amount of NH+4-N comes from other sources outside the system. Horizontal distributions of primary production and new production in Jiaozhou Bay are shown in this paper. Some environmental factors associated with production level are also discussed.