渤海湾海河口区耗氧有机物的分布特征

渤海湾海河口区是北京、天津二大城市工业及生活污水排放入海处，是一比较典型的海域。1972年以来曾对渤海湾进行过综合性的环境污染调查和研究，但由于受调查范围和项目的限制，对河口区特别是大沽口、北塘口区有机污染物的迁移转化研究甚少，尚不足以就有机污染对河口生态环境的潜在影响作出科学判断。目前，有机污染已成为海河口区特别是其附近大城市的主要污染问题之一。本文以化学耗氧量(COD)、生物耗氧量(BOD5)、溶解氧(DO)等项目作为耗氧有机物污染程度评价的主要指标(还有氮、磷、本集另有专文讨论)，对海河口区有机污染物的迁移、转化及生态效应进行了调查研究，为有机污染评价提供数据并作初步探讨。

THE DISTRIBUTION FEATURES OF OXYGEN-CONSUMING ORGANIC MATTER IN THE HAIHE RIVER ESTUARY AREA OF THE BOHAI BAY

This paper discusses the results of studies on the use of BOD5, COD and DO as indices of oxygen-consuming organic matter in measuring the BOD5, COD and DO content of the Haihe River estuary area in the Bohai Bay, and on their distributional patterns. The diurnal variation of COD content is related to salinity and water depth, but is mainly influenced by tidal effects. The BOD5/COD ratio is 79% in the Yongdingxing River, 160% in the southern sewage discharge river, 30% in the estuary. The biological and chemical degradation rate of oxygen-consuming organic matter in the Yongdingxing River and in the southern sewage discharge river is rather high. The selfpurification factor of BOD5 and COD in the Yongdingxing River is 0.163 and 0.038.