渤海湾污染的生态影响

渤海湾水质肥沃，生物资源丰富。但近些年来每年注人海湾的污水殊为可观，对近岸水域造成很大威胁。为此，1978-1982年由中国科学院海洋研究所和天津市环境保护监测站、南开大学等单位组成的协作组，对渤海湾进行了多学科、综合性的环境污染调查和研究，本文是其部分成果的综述。

ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF POLLUTION IN THE BOHAI BAY

This paper summarizes the results of four years of investigation on the ecological effects of sewage discharge and its pollutants such as organic loading, petroleum hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons and toxic metals on marine organisms and fishery resources in Bohai Bay. The results showed that the structure and function of organism communities in the bay were essentially stable. No great difference in the species composition and the avarage quantities of various population (Microbe, Phytoplankton, Zooplankton, Fish eggs and Juneniles, Benthos) from that in 1958-1959 were found. However, ecological modification has appeared in some areas contaminated by the municipal and industrial sewage from the Tianjin city and towns near the seacoast. The changes including the increase of concentrations of metals, DDT and 666 in organisms and the decrease in diversity values and abundance of some populations seem mainly limited to the estuarine area, where rather high mortality appeared occasionally of mollusca, shellfish as well as fish. Catch statistics of commercially valuable species in estuarine waters reveal that changes in abundance are directly attibutable to pollution. Results show that the estuary was affected by pollution.