盆山系统沉积学-兼论华北和塔里木地区研究实例

在地球科学领域盆山系统可以作为一种新的地质单元或整体进行研究。在评述国内外研究成果基础上，本文提出了盆山系统分类三原则:即板块构造单元（位置）、盆山形成演化的构造动力学体制、构造-古地理特征或区域源-汇构造-沉积属性，并由此将盆山系统划分为陆内、陆缘（陆洋）和洋内盆山系统三大类及下属十四个亚类。进而论述了盆山系统沉积学的研究体系，其中构造-地层单元与等时地层格架、物源示踪与源汇体系、综合沉积记录及古构造-古气候演变等三方面是研究基础，沉积体系（域）与综合构造-古地理是核心，而盆山演化动力学为学科目标。以华北东部陆内盆山系统为例，研究指出西伯利亚板块与华北-蒙古联合块体的碰撞隆升，形成了该区侏罗纪-早白垩世早期最显著的陆内山-盆系统，而苏鲁造山带碎屑物源影响甚微；以塔里木陆缘盆山系统为例，初步揭示了泥盆-石炭纪西南天山被动陆缘与东南天山弧相关陆缘盆山系统的差异记录。研究认为，为了深化盆山动力学研究，现阶段特别值得在物源示踪与源汇体系、综合沉积记录及古构造-古气候演变方面加强盆山系统沉积学工作。

Basin-Range System Sedimentology and Case Studies in North China and Tarim Areas,China

Basin-range system, as a new geological unit or entity, has been accepted and studied in geosciences. Based on reviews on the past research advances, three rules are brought forward for basin-range classification, which includes plate tectonic unit (location), tectonic geodynamical regime, and paleogeographical or tectonic-sedimentary attributes of source-sink systems. There  are  three basin-range types, intracontinent, continent margin (continent-ocean) and intraocean, and further fourteen sub-typies can be presented in the classification scheme. Then a research frame of basin-range system sedimentology is stated and discussed, in which the tectonic-stratigraphic unit and isochronal stratigraphic framework, provenance tracing and source-sink system, and integrated depositional records and paleotectonic-paleoclimatic evolution are three important research basises; and the depositional system (tract) and integrated tectonic-paleogeography is research core; and the basin-range evolution geodynamics is an subject target of basin-range system sedimentology. As a case study of intracontinent basin-range system in eastern North China, the research shows that the most prominent basin-range system occurred in north North China during Jurassic-early Early Cretaceous due to collision and uplift process between Siberia block and North China-Mongolia one. However, a coexistent source-sink system related to the Su-Lu orogen has weak influences on sedimentary paleogeography of the North China. As another case study of continent margin basin-range system in Tarim area, northwest China, the research basicially reveals differential geological records, reflecting passive and arc-related continent margin basin-range systems, respectively coexisted between west South Tianshan and east one. Finally, in order to deepen the basin-range geodynamics, it is especially suggested to pay attention to academic researches of the provenance tracing and source-sink system and the integrated depositional records and paleotectonic-paleoclimatic evolution.