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The Energy Balance Experiment EBEX-2000. Part I: overview and energy balance |
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| Authors: | Steven P. Oncley Thomas Foken Roland Vogt Wim Kohsiek H. A. R. DeBruin Christian Bernhofer Andreas Christen Eva van Gorsel David Grantz Christian Feigenwinter Irene Lehner Claudia Liebethal Heping Liu Matthias Mauder Andrea Pitacco Luis Ribeiro Tamas Weidinger |
| Affiliation: | 1. National Center for Atmospheric Research/ATD, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO, 80307-3000, USA 2. University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany 3. University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland 4. Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, The Netherlands 5. Meteorology and Air Quality Group, Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen, The Netherlands 6. Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany 7. CSIRO, Canberra, Australia 8. Kearney Research Center, University of California, Parlier, CA, USA 9. e-fellows.net, Munich, Germany 10. Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA 11. Agriculture and Agri-Food, Ottawa, Ont., Canada 12. University of Padova, Padova, Italy 13. Bragan?a Polytechnic Institute, Bragan?a, Portugal 14. E?tv?s Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary |
| Abstract: | An overview of the Energy Balance Experiment (EBEX-2000) is given. This experiment studied the ability of state-of-the-art measurements to close the surface energy balance over a surface (a vegetative canopy with large evapotranspiration) where closure has been difficult to obtain. A flood-irrigated cotton field over uniform terrain was used, though aerial imagery and direct flux measurements showed that the surface still was inhomogeneous. All major terms of the surface energy balance were measured at nine sites to characterize the spatial variability across the field. Included in these observations was an estimate of heat storage in the plant canopy. The resultant imbalance still was 10%, which exceeds the estimated measurement error. We speculate that horizontal advection in the layer between the canopy top and our flux measurement height may cause this imbalance, though our estimates of this term using our measurements resulted in values less than what would be required to balance the budget. The National Center for Atmospheric Research is supported by the National Science Foundation |
| Keywords: | Flux divergence Latent heat flux Spatial sampling Sensible heat flux Soil heating Surface energy budget |
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