1910-2010 年沈阳城市土地利用空间结构演变特征

为研究沈阳市100 年来土地利用空间结构的演变特征和规律, 以多时相、多来源的历史数据为基础, 将1910-2010 年期间按特殊历史时期划分为5 个研究阶段, 利用单一土地利用类型动态度、土地利用类型转移矩阵和空间分析方法, 分析100 年来沈阳城市各土地利用类型的数量、结构、相互转移和空间分布特征, 结果表明:100 年间居住用地增加了118.81 km²、工商业用地增加了148.21 km²、交通运输用地增加了130.97 km², 数量呈明显上升趋势, 而公用事业、绿地和其他用地总体上升比较平缓;不同时期土地利用结构有明显差异, 而居住用地一直占主导地位平均占32.36%, 建国后比例有所下降, 工商业用地比例明显上升平均占为25.17%;另外, 各土地利用类型之间的相互转化情况分为转移、转入和不变3 部分, 其中, 非建设用地向各类型用地的转入比例最大, 单一土地利用类型用地自身不变部分比例最大, 而向居住用地和交通运输用地的转移量最大。随时间的推移居住用地在城市的中心区域比例逐渐降低, 在城市的次中心比例呈先升高后降低的趋势;工商业用地在从内向外的比例逐渐增加, 外部比例最高。公用事业用地在空间上逐渐向外衰减, 城市中心公用事业用地比例较大。

Spatial Structure Evolution of Urban Land Use in Shenyang during 1910-2010

In research of spatial structure evolution of land use of Shenyang in recent century,this paper used the multi-temporal and multi-source historical data,with the special historical period divided into 5 stages of research from 1910 to 2010.With the support of the single land use type dynamic degree,land use type transfer matrix and the method of spatial,we analyzed various city land use type,structure,mutual transfer and distribution characteristics of Shenyang in the past century.The results showed that: living land increased by 118.81 km2,industrial and commercial land increased by 148.21 km2,transportation land increased by 130.97 km2,presenting an increasing trend,while utilities land,green spaces and other land use generally went up slowly.In different periods land use structure was obviously different,and residential land had been dominant,accounting for an average of 32.36%,which declined in proportion after the founding of New China,but the industrial and commercial land use increased by 25.17% on average.In addition,conversion of each land use type was divided into three parts: transfer,transferred and constant,among which,non-construction land shifted to various land types accounted for the largest proportion,and constant part of the same land use has the greatest proportion,while the quantity transferred to the residential land and transportation land was the greatest.With the time went,the ratio of residential land was gradually reduced in the central area of the city,and in the sub-center the ratio increased first and then decreased.The proportion of industrial and commercial land increased gradually from central to marginal area,and the proportion was the highest in the marginal area.Public utilities land was outwardly gradually decayed,and in the center of the city public utilities accounted for a larger proportion.It is concluded that land use spatial structure in Shenyang presented a circular pattern from the inside to the outside.