陕西省韩城煤矿区居民环境污染调适行为

陕西省韩城矿区煤炭资源丰富, 但环境污染非常严重, 当地居民对此深感焦虑。本研究的目的是了解不同属性的居民对环境污染的调适行为差异以及影响因素, 供政府部门参考。通过454 份有效问卷的统计, 利用卡方检验、秩和检验和探索性路径分析方法, 得到以下结论:①大多数居民都很少或没有采取有关措施来要求改善环境。其中“给有关部门打电话”是居民最常用的要求改善环境的措施。②性别分组对大气污染、水污染和噪音污染的调适行为没有显著影响。年龄对居民的水污染、噪音污染调适行为有显著影响。文化程度对大气污染调适行为有显著影响。居住时间对调适行为没有显著影响。③“为了经济或就业愿意忍受污染的程度”对“考虑搬家”和“上诉”的调适行为有负向显著影响。“对环境污染的总体评价”的感知对“上诉”、“在家中规避”和“向同事抱怨”的调适行为有显著正向影响。对居民“组织维权行动”有显著影响的是采取“上诉”和“向同事抱怨”的两种调适行为, 以及“对环境污染的总体评价”的感知。“对政府环保工作的满意度”感知则对“组织维权行动”具有显著的负向影响。

Residents’Behavior Adjustment to Environmental Pollution in a Coal Mine: A Case Study of Hancheng Mine Area,Shaanxi Province

Located at the juncture of Shanxi and Shaanxi provinces,the transportation network has been developed in the Hancheng coal mine area.There are many heavy industries in this area because it has abundant natrual resources.Enviormnetal pollution is serious and typical in this area,and the residents is anxious about their health.The aim of this paper is to examine the environmental perception and adjustment of residents livng in the coal mine by interviews and 454 valid questionnaires.The influencing factors of environmental perception and adjustment are analyzed through Chi-Square tests,rank sum test and path analysis.The results are obtained as follows:(1) Most of residents rarely take action to protect their rights.Residents preferred to make a call to request improving environment.Some 90.1% of the residents hope that their children can get away from this area due to the environmental pollution.(2) The air pollution adjustments do not vary sigificantly with gender.It is the same with water pollution and noise pollution adjustment.The water pollution and noise pollution adjustments are sigificantly different among age groups.(3) The relation between perception and adjustment:"tolerating the extent of pollution for economic or employment reasons"has negtive effects on"moving attitude"and "appeal attitude"."Assessment of environmental pollution"has positive effects on"appeal attitude","complaint to colleagues"and"avoiding being at home"."Appeal attitude"and"complaint to colleagues"have positive effects on"protecting resident’s rights activity"."Satisfaction of environmental protection to the local government"has negtive effects on"protecting residents’rights activity".