BDS/GPS单历元阻尼LAMBDA算法及其在边坡变形监测中的应用效果分析

论述了BDS/GPS双系统组合下的单频单历元阻尼LAMBDA算法原理，并基于该算法实现一种实时远程变形监测系统。以理县某边坡变形监测应用为例，比较了GPS、BDS及其组合系统下的观测条件和阻尼LAMBDA算法定位效果：BDS的观测卫星数多于GPS，PDOP值相较于GPS也更加稳定；BDS单历元解标准差在N、E、U方向上分别为0.40 cm、0.31 cm、1.00 cm，优于GPS的0.61 cm、0.40 cm、1.74 cm。长期实验结果表明，在我国南部边坡监测中，BDS相比GPS具有一定优势。理县边坡23个月内位移量显著，3个监测站平均位移在N、E、U方向上分别达到8.70 cm、43.63 cm、18.03 cm。强降雨是引起土质山体滑坡的主要因素，使用累积降雨量和累积位移量建立线型回归模型，线性相关系数在0.98以上。在边坡监测中，可将实时的位移数据和降雨数据作为滑坡预警的重要依据。

BDS/GPS Single Epoch Damped LAMBDA Algorithm and Its Application Analysis in Slope Deformation Monitoring

This paper first presents a BDS/GPS damped LAMBDA algorithm, then introduces a real-time remote deformation monitoring system based on this algorithm. We take the slope deformation monitoring system of Lixian slope for example: BDS has more visible satellites and more stable PDOP values than GPS. Besides, the relative positioning precision of BDS are 0.40 cm, 0.31 cm, 1.00 cm in north, east and up respectively, which are also better than the results of GPS. Long-term related analysis indicates that BDS is superior to GPS in slope deformation monitoring in southern China. During 23 months, the average displacements of the three stations in Lixian slope reach 8.70 cm, 4363 cm, 18.03 cm in north, east and up respectively. As rainfall is a main factor for landslide in soil slope, we build a linear regression model using cumulative rainfall data and cumulative displacement data of which correlation coefficient is above 0.98. Accordingly, one should regard the real-time displacement data and rainfall data as important evidence in landslide early-warning.