1961—2008年淮河流域气温和降水变化趋势

利用淮河流域170个地面气象观测站观测数据,统计分析了淮河流域1961—2008年间气温和降水的时空变化趋势。结果表明:48 a间淮河流域年平均气温呈显著上升趋势,冬季平均气温的增温幅度最大,春、秋次之;年极端最低气温亦呈显著上升趋势,年极端低温日数(满足该站极端低温阈值)则呈明显下降趋势;流域西北部年极端最高气温呈显著下降趋势,流域西部年极端高温日数(满足该站极端高温阈值)呈显著下降趋势;降水量总体变化趋势未通过统计检验,但1990s开始,秋季降水量呈下降趋势,2000年之后年降水量明显增加,夏季降水量亦增加;春季和秋季降水日数呈显著下降趋势,夏季和冬季无明显变化。

Change trend of temperature and precipitation in Huaihe River Basin from 1961 to 2008

Using the observed data from 170 meteorological stations in the area of Huaihe River Basin, we analyzed the changing trend of temperature and precipitation in Huaihe River Basin from 1961 to 2008. The results show that during the 48 a, the average temperature had a significant increasing trend in Huaihe River Basin, the average temperature in winter had the largest increment while the average temperature in spring and autumn had the second largest increment. The extreme low temperature over one year also had an increasing trend, but its frequency decreased significantly. The extreme high temperature in the west part of the basin had a significant decreasing trend and its frequency decreased over the year as well. The trend of the variance of the overall precipitation had not yet been tested, but started from the 1990s, the precipitation during autumn had a decreasing trend, but after 2000 the precipitation had been increasing significantly, as well as the precipitation during summer. The precipitation days during spring and autumn had a decreasing trend, while they did not change too much during winter and summer.