云南空中水资源的季节变化研究

用1961—2008年NOAA的月平均再分析资料和1980—2006年云南5个探空站的资料，采用大气可降水量和水汽通量公式计算分析大气可降水量和水汽通量，并用线性趋势分析其变化特征。结果表明：云南四季的可降水量北少南多，呈“u”型分布，夏季最大，冬季最小。对云南地区四季的水汽通量分析表明，四季的水汽净收入主要集中在对流层低层；地面-300hPa的水汽净收入在夏季最大、秋季次之，而冬季最小。云南经向的水汽输送和纬向的水汽输送呈反相关，近48年，云南四季水汽呈增加趋势，其中夏季增加最多，春季次之。

The Research of the Seasons Change on Water Vapor Resources over Yunnan

Using the monthly NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data from 1961 to 2008, and the exploring data of 5 stations of Yunnan from 1980 to 2006. The change characteristic of the probable precipitation and water vapor transport flux are analyzed with the linear trend. The results show that the north is small, compare the south to the probable precipitation,and the distribution is ＂U＂. The probable precipitation is frequent in summer and few in winter. And the seasonal water vapor transport flux is concentrated in lower of troposphere, and the water vapor transport flux from the ground to 300hPa is the vichest in summer, the autumm is second, and the winter is the least. The contribution of the meridional water vapor transportation is the most to Yunnan Area, while the relationship of anti-correlation existes between the meridional and the Zonal water vapor transportation. Especially, in summer the water vapor inflow is positive in the above middle and high layers. The trend of the season water vapor quantity over Yunnan Area in recent 48 years is increasing. The water vapor increases is most in summer and is second in spring.