突发灾害监控与决策系统的设计与实现

现代社会，面对高危或人类无法到达的区域，如森林火场现场视查、地震灾情查看、城市等狭窄地段的高楼消防救灾、核辐射现场勘察检测等，基于无人机的无线通信系统，由于体积小和机动灵活，通过信息传感采集、视频现场捕捉，能安全、有效地获取现场灾情情况信息。然后数据通过中继传到后台，存入后台数据库。利用采集到的现场信息与ArcGIS Server发布的GIS相关服务，通过ArcGIS API for Flex对数据进行快速分析处理，使采集信息可视化，同时进行突发灾害模拟预测，准确定位事发地点，评价灾害影响范围，查找救援最短路径等。本文设计并实现了基于无人机突发灾害监控与决策系统，同时重点介绍系统的设计、组网的关键技术、视频压缩、基于GIS的数据处理与分析以及系统实现的功能。

Design and Implementation of Monitoring and Dicision-making System in Sudden Disaster Events

In modern society, when facing the high risk or inaccessible areas, such as inspecting forest fire scene, checking earthquake disaster situations, rescuing in high buildings of narrow area such as cities, surveying nuclear radiation field and so on, because of little volume, flexibility, wireless communication system based on UAV can give a safe and effective solution to monitoring the disaster scene and other same high-risk work via the information collected by sensors and live video. Then the data is transmitted and stored to the background database server. With the help of field information and the related GIS service published by ArcGIS Server, we can make the field information visualization and carry out simulations to predict sudden disasters with analysing and processing data by ArcGIS API for Flex. In this way, we can know the accurate place of the disasters, predict the effect of the disasters and find the shortest path to the rescue. In this paper, the work to design and implement the monitoring and predicting system in sudden disaster events based on UAV has been finished. The focus of this paper is to introduce the design of the system, the key technology of the MANET, the key technology of video compression, the skill of data analysis and processing based on GIS and the function of this system.