当代环境中石造物的腐蚀破坏机理和保护

DECAY AND PRESERVATION OF STONE IN MODERN ENVIRONMENTS

The decay of stone is a complex phenomenon. It is controlled by factors that are in-trinsic to stone as well as by influences that are external.Among the former are the mineralogy ofthe stone and that of efflorescences,origin and evolutionary history and physical-chemical charac-teristics relating especially to development of joints,chemical composition and pore characteristics;among the latter are the chemical composition of the atmosphere,organic activities and climato-logic factors that control the occurrence and state of water in the pores of the stone. So,the samekind of rock has a different speed and manner of decay in different environments;in the sametime,the different kinds of rocks in the same environment also have different degree of de-cay. Before any program of stone treatment is carried out ,it must be preceded by a survey of theprevailing environmental conditions(such as local pollution levels,)and structural condition ofstone. In the end,a good method for preservation is selected.