中国资源型城市产业结构升级对土地利用效率的影响

在中国经济面临结构转型和空间重塑的关键时期，探究资源型城市产业结构升级对土地利用效率的影响机理，对于破解资源型城市产业发展路径依赖与土地低效利用困境具有重要意义。基于中国115座地级资源型城市面板数据，运用产业结构层次指数与基于DEA的超效率SBM-Undesirable模型刻画资源型城市产业结构升级与土地利用效率的时空演化特征，通过面板Tobit模型探究资源型城市产业结构升级对土地利用效率的异质性影响及作用渠道。结果表明：(1)中国资源型城市产业结构升级成效显著，再生型、煤炭型和钢铁型城市升级效果更为明显。土地利用效率呈波动上升趋势，高值城市数量显著增加，以经济基础较好的再生型和成长型城市为主。(2)资源型城市产业结构升级对土地利用效率提升尚未形成普遍的驱动效应，其影响机制在不同类型城市中具有显著的异质性，仅再生型城市呈现显著的正向影响。(3)资源型城市产业结构升级通过经济产出提升、要素配置优化与环境污染控制等渠道驱动土地利用效率的动态演化。现阶段，土地经济产出偏低、用地结构失调、环境污染负外部性过高是制约资源型城市土地利用效率提升的主要症结。资源型城市转型具有长期性、系统性特征，应...

Industrial structure upgrading and urban land use efficiency: Evidence from 115 resource-based cities in China, 2000-2019

In the critical period of China′s structural transformation and spatial remodeling, it is of great significance to explore the impact mechanism of industrial structure upgrading on efficiency of urban land use, for solving the dilemma of path dependence of industrial development and inefficient utilization of urban land in resource-based cities, especially in resource-exhausted cities. Based on the panel data of 115 prefecture-level resource-based cities in China between 2000 and 2019, we examined the spatio-temporal patterns of industrial structure upgrading and efficiency of urban land use for Chinese resource-based cities, using the industrial structure hierarchy index and the Super SBM-undesirable model. By adopting the Tobit model, we further explored the heterogenous impact mechanism of industrial structure upgrading on urban land use efficiency in resource-based cities. The results show that: (1) The industrial structure upgrading of China′s resource-based cities has been proved to be effective, which is more obvious in regenerating cities, coal-based cities, and ferrous metal-based cities. A large number of resource-based cities in China however still have the path dependence of economic development dominated by the secondary industry, especially for many growing cities and recessionary cities. The average level of urban land use efficiency in resource-based cities presented a rising trend in fluctuation. Many regenerating and growing cities with good economic foundation and resource endowments remained at a high level. (2) The industrial structure upgrading of resource-based cities has not yet formed a general positive driving effect on the improvement of ULUE. The impact mechanism has significant heterogeneity in different types of cities, only showing significant positive impact in regenerating cities. (3) The industrial structure upgrading of resource-based cities drives the dynamic evolution of ULUE through three channels, e.g. promotion of economic output, optimization of factor allocation, and environmental pollution control. At this stage, the lower-level land economic density, the imbalance of urban land use structure, and the high negative externality of environmental pollution are the main cruxes restricting the improvement of ULUE in China′s resource-based cities. Based on the local conditions of different cities, differentiated transformation strategies should be taken to accelerate the formation of benign interactive mechanism between industrial transformation and land use transformation.