内蒙呼盟地区盐湖资源及其特征

呼伦贝尔盟盐湖众多，主要集中分布于新巴尔虎旗附近、乌尔逊河沿岸和呼伦湖以南三个成盐区．呼盟地区盐湖盐类矿物主要有芒硝、泡碱、石膏和石盐．在矿物组成上，东部和西部有较大差异，东部为芒硝、泡碱和石盐，无石膏沉积，西部则是芒硝、石膏和石盐，无泡碱沉积．盐湖卤水主要由Ｋ＋、Ｎａ＋、Ｃａ_（２＋）、Ｍｇ_（２＋）、Ｃｌ－、ＳＯ_（２－）、ＣＯ_３（２－）和ＨＣＯ_３－组成，并含有一定量的溴、硼、碘等微量元素．呼盟地区盐湖矿物以芒硝为主，天然碱、石膏次之，石盐较少．盐湖矿床以小型为主，埋藏较浅，易于开采，矿层组份简单，易于加工利用．

THE SALT LAKE RESOURSE AND IT'S CHARACTERISTIC OF HULUNBEIER DISTRICT, INNER MONGOLIA

There are a lot of salt lakes in Hulunbeier district, Inner Mongolia. The salt lakes distribute dominantly in three salt forming areas which are located at middle-east area of the Xinbaerhu Qi and the district of both side of Wuerxun River as well as the area of south -west of Hulun lake. The principal salt minerals deposited in salt lake are mirabilitenatron-halite in the east part of salt lake area but are mirabilite-gypsum-halite and no natron in the west. The main salt minerals of salt deposit in some lakes are mirabilite, natron,gypsum and halite. The main components of salt lake brine are K , Na , Ca2 , Mg2 , Cl-)SO4(2-), CO3(2-), HCO3- and some microelement such as bromine, boron and iodine. The salt deposits are mainly mirabilite deposit and some natron deposit or gypsum depsit but halite deposit is fairly small. The salt deposits are dominantly small deposits but characterized by shallow buried, composition simple and mining and processing ease.