雅鲁藏布江大拐弯入口段泥石流特征及应对措施

雅鲁藏布江大拐弯入口段活动的地质构造、特殊的地形与气候条件酿就了暴雨泥石流及冰川泥石流等地质灾害。近60a来,则隆弄冰川泥石流曾两度摧毁直白村;鲁霞-德阳段暴雨泥石流的洪积扇已经深入雅鲁藏布江中,该段河道处于半阻塞状态。两处地点的泥石流对上下游村庄、城镇及设施带来严重威胁。依据地貌调查及室内DEM定量分析,了解泥石流地质灾害的空间分布特征及其成因,对前人认为则隆弄冰川泥石流堰塞雅鲁藏布江造成上游回水成湖淹没米林、林芝等地的观点提出了新的看法;米林、林芝古淹没事件可能是对多地点泥石流爆发的响应。对米林—加拉一线不同地点不同类型的泥石流灾害可能造成的不良环境效应进行评估后提出几点应对措施。

Debris flow distribution and preventions at the great turning in the gorge of Yarlung Zangbo River, southeastern Tibet

Many villages and towns lie in the gorge of Yarlung Zangbo River, such as Linzhi, Bayi and Milin （airport）. Rainstorm and glacier debris flows which burst out in the gorge of Yarlung Zangbo River are caused by active structure, special landform and local climate. They threaten people and their property by the river. According to the landform researches and DEM analyses, spatial distribution and origins of the debris flow were found. In the past, researchers believed that Zelongnong glacier dammed Yarlung Zangbo River and formed glacial lake, the water in this lake submerged Linzhi, Milin. In fact, the rainstorm debris in Luxia-Danniang-Deyang have more closer relationship to Milin-Linzhi submerged event. From Milin to Jiala, there are different debris in different places that these hazards have potential blight to local villages. Active preparative in Luxia-Deyang, giving away Zhibai village and lucubrating debris from Milin to Jiala are advised.