广西冬季极端气温与大气环流及海温场的遥相关

通过对广西1958~2006年88个代表站冬季(12月至次年2月)平均气温的EOF和REOF分析,探讨广西冬季气温异常冷暖年的时空分布结构特征。研究分析冬季气温前期和同期500hPa高度距平场和海温场的特征:异常偏冷年份的前期极涡较强,副高偏弱,亚洲西风带经向度较大,南亚高压较强;到冬季,亚洲中高纬经向环流继续加大,东亚大槽加深南移,南亚仍维持一浅脊。异常暖年的形势恰恰相反。拉尼娜年结束年易出现冬季气温异常偏冷年份,而厄尔尼诺年结束年易出现冬季气温异常偏暖年份。同时,黑潮区气温的变化对广西冬季气温异常有较好的指示作用。

The Remote Correlation Among the Extreme Temperature of Winter in Guangxi and the Atmospheric Circulation and Sea Temperature Field

This paper discusses the space and time distributed structure characteristic of the unusual changes of temperature of winter in Guangxi by means of EOF and REOF analysis of the average temperature of winter in 88 typical stations of Guangxi during 1958-2006,and analyzes the characteristic of early period of winter temperature and 500hPa height departure field of the same period and sea temperature field:The pole vortex is strong in early period of the unusual cold year,The subtropical high is relatively weak,Asain west wind zone is likely towards the longitude.The high pressure in southern Asia is strong.The unusual lold winter is likely to appear at the end of La Nina years,but the unusual warm winter is likely to appear at the end of EL Nino years.Meanwhile,the temperature change in the Japan current area has a good instruction for the unusual change of winter temperature in Guangxi.