贵州龙里地区早石炭世杜内期铝土矿微地貌及其对铝土矿的控制作用*

贵州龙里地区发育早石炭世杜内期“丰源层”铝土矿。通过收集龙里地区地质钻孔资料,结合实测剖面和踏勘地质点资料,统计含铝岩系厚度、矿体厚度、品位、铝硅比数据,利用Surfer⁸.0成图软件,采用微地貌编图的方法,还原早石炭世杜内期含铝岩系古地貌,发现本区古喀斯特岩溶洼地2处,丰源层铝土矿产于水场—比孟—草原—高坡一带的古喀斯特岩溶洼地中。微地貌进一步研究表明,品位较高的碎屑状、豆鲕状铝土矿位于古喀斯特岩溶洼地的中心部位,品位较低的致密状铝土矿则分布于其中心和边缘。本区古地理研究表明,龙里地区早石炭世杜内期丰源层铝土矿的含矿岩系形成环境为海陆交互相,由北至南依次为发育陆相、古喀斯特岩溶洼地相和海相,古喀斯特岩溶洼相为丰源层铝土矿的形成提供了有利的沉积就位场所。

Microgeomorphology and its control on the Early Carboniferous Tournaisian bauxite deposits in Longli area of Guizhou Province

In the Longli area of Guizhou,the Early Carboniferous Tournaisian “Fengyuan layer” bauxite was developed. In this paper,based on the geological boreholes,measured profiles and exploration geological point data in study area,the thickness of the aluminous rock series and the ore was calculated. The data of volume thickness,ore grade,and Al/Si ratio were used by Surfer⁸.0 mapping software and the method of microgeomorphology mapping to restore the paleogeomorphology of the Early Carboniferous Tournaisian aluminous rock series. Two paleokarst depressions were found in this area. Fengyuan layer bauxite was produced in paleokarst depressions along the Shuichang-Bimeng-Caoyuan-Gaopo area. Further research on microgeomorphology shows that the high-grade clastic and bean oolitic bauxite is located in the center of paleokarst depressions,while the low-grade dense bauxite is distributed in the center and margin. The paleogeographic research shows that the formation environment of bauxite aluminous rock series in the Fengyuan strata of the Early Carboniferous Tournaisian is a continent-marine transitional facies,including continental facies,paleokarst depression facies and marine facies from north to south. The karst bottomland provides a favorable depositional site for the formation of Fengyuan layer bauxite.