日喀则市谢通门县尼玛弄自然村坡面泥石流发育特征及防治对策

坡面泥石流具有规模小、分布广、暴发突然、流动快、过程短、冲击力大等特征,是一种危害十分严重的自然灾害。为了查明西藏日喀则市谢通门县尼玛弄自然村坡面泥石流的发育特征,以野外精细化调查和测量为工作方法,在查明泥石流区域地质环境及分区特征、主沟支沟的沟道特征、形成条件、物源转化关系的基础上,综合研判泥石流的发展趋势并划定了危险区范围。结果表明: 流域内松散固体物源总量约为22.72×10⁴ m³,可能参与泥石流活动的动储量约为7.82×10⁴ m³; 坡面泥石流一旦遭遇大暴雨,势必引发较大规模的泥石流灾害; 泥石流的综合致灾能力较强,受灾体的抗灾能力较弱,泥石流治理紧迫性等级为I级; 提出“导流槽+截流槽+导流堤”和“导流防护堤”两种工程治理方案,为该区泥石流防治工作提供参考。

Development characteristics and prevention measures of slope debris flow in Nimanong Natural Village of Xietongmen County in Shigatse City

Slope debris flow has the characteristics of small scale, wide distribution, sudden outbreak, fast flow, short process and large impact force, which is a very serious natural disaster. To find out the development characteristics of slope debris flow of Nimanong Natural Village in Xietongmen County of Rikaze City of Tibet, the authors in this paper adopted fine field investigation and measurement as working method to find out the characteristics in geological environment , the debris flow area division, main channel and branch lander channel characteristics, the debris flow formation conditions and the debris flow provenance transformation relations. Therefore, the development trend of debris flow was analyzed and the danger area was delimited. The results show that the total amount of loose solid sources in the basin are about 22.72×10⁴ m³, and the kinetic reserves that may be involved in debris flow activities are about 7.82×10⁴ m³. The debris flow disaster at large scale would be induced once the slope debris flow erupted. The comprehensive disaster-causing ability of debris flow is strong, and the disaster-resisting ability of the affected body is poor, which makes the urgency of debris flow treatment to be grade I. Two treatment schemes of “diversion channel + intercepting channel + diversion dike” and “diversion protection dike” are put forward to provide technical support for prevention and controlling of debris flow.