高分辨率遥感技术在地质灾害调查与成灾规律分析中的应用——以攀西米易地区为例

攀西地区山高谷深,地形切割强烈,历来是地质灾害的重灾区和易发区。为摸清地质灾害家底,查明地质灾害分布与发育规律,排查出可能存在的地质灾害隐患,支撑灾害现场核查与工程防治,利用高分辨率遥感技术(简称高分遥感技术)对四川攀西米易地区开展地质灾害遥感调查与现场验证,共确定有明显威胁对象的地质灾害隐患点106处,主要以崩塌、滑坡为主,其次为泥石流。结合调查结果,开展隐患点成灾规律分析,结果表明: 地质灾害主要发育于安宁河及其支流沿岸一线,沿省道S214线及米普路、麻楠路、二滩库区环湖路段呈带状分布,主要分布于断层两侧500 m范围内,达到51处,占遥感调查隐患点总数的35.8%; 2019年5—9月共发生地质灾害104处,占全年发生地质灾害总数的98.11%; 区域西北部和中北部地质灾害发育程度相对较低。应用结果表明,利用高分遥感技术能够有效查明地质灾害隐患分布与成灾规律,对服务基层防灾减灾工作,减轻灾害损失,提升地质灾害科技水平和防灾能力具有重要意义。

Application of high resolution remote sensing technology in geological disaster investigation and disaster law analysis: A case study of Panxi Miyi area

Panxi area, with high mountains, deep valleys and strong topographic cutting, has always been a serious disaster area and prone area of geological disasters. In order to find out the background of geological disasters, the distribution and development law of geological disasters, and the possible hidden dangers of geological disasters, and support the on-site verification and engineering prevention of disasters, the researchers in this paper used 2019 high-resolution remote sensing technology (hereinafter referred to as high-resolution remote sensing technology) to carry out the remote sensing survey and on-site verification of geological disasters in Miyi area of Panxi in Sichuan Province. A total of 106 hidden points of geological disasters with obvious threat objects were determined, dominating by collapse landslide disaster and following by debris flow disaster. The analysis of the disaster law of hidden danger points is carried out, combining with the survey results. The results show that the geological disasters are mainly developed along the Anning River and its tributaries, and they are distributed in bands along provincial highway 214, Mipu Road, Manan road and Ertan Reservoir area. 51 geological disasters are distributed within 500 m on both sides of the fault, accounting for 35.8% of the total number of hidden danger points investigated by remote sensing. 104 disasters occurred from May to September in 2019, accounting for 98.11% of the total number of geological disasters in the whole year. The development degree of geological disasters in the northwestern and central northern region is relatively low. The application results show that the application of remote sensing technology is beneficial for the ascertaining distribution and law of geological disasters, and is of great significance for the disaster prevention and reductions at the grass-roots level, disaster damage reduction, and improvement of disaster technology and disaster prevention.