鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘上奥陶统平凉组砂岩微量元素特征及构造背景: 以陇县段家峡剖面为例*

由于缺乏可靠的沉积物源数据,晚奥陶世鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘的构造背景及其物质来源没有定论,为此选择陕西陇县段家峡剖面上奥陶统平凉组砂岩展开系统研究。综合分析实测剖面、镜下薄片以及微量元素等资料,取得如下认识: (1)薄片分析显示砂岩分选较好但磨圆较差,颗粒以石英占主导,岩屑成分主要是多晶石英和碳酸盐砂屑,杂基含量极少,这说明浊积砂岩经历了明显的深水牵引流的改造;(2)稀土元素配分模式表明砂岩轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素亏损,并且Eu存在负异常,表明物源主要来自上地壳中酸性岩;(3)物源判别图解显示平凉组砂岩为沉积岩与中酸性岩的混合;(4)构造背景判别图解表明物源可能与大陆岛弧和被动大陆边缘相关。结合北祁连洋和北秦岭洋俯冲的地质背景,综合前人研究成果,认为陇县地区平凉组砂岩的物源很可能主要来自北祁连—北秦岭岛弧。晚奥陶世平凉期研究区位于弧后盆地位置,具有典型的沟—弧—盆结构,此时华北板块西南缘已经完成了由被动大陆边缘向活动大陆边缘的转换。该成果可为研究奥陶纪鄂尔多斯盆地南缘的构造演化提供依据。

Geochemical characteristics of trace elements and tectonic setting of sandstones from the Upper Ordovician Pingliang Formation,southwestern margin of Ordos Basin: A case study of the Duanjiaxia profile,Longxian County

Due to the lack of reliable sedimentary provenance data,the geological setting and its provenance of the southwestern margin of Ordos Basin in Late Ordovician is uncertain. In this paper,the sandstone of Upper Ordovician Pingliang Formation in Duanjiaxia profile of Longxian area is selected for a systematic study. Using the methods including the comprehensive analysis on the measured geological profile,analysis of microscopic thin section and trace elements,the following results are obtained: (1)the thin section analysis shows that the sandstone is well sorted but poorly rounded. Clastic grains are dominated by quartz,while the rock fragments are mainly composed of polycrystalline quartz,carbonate sand debris,and a little matrix,which means that the turbidite sandstone has been reworked by obvious traction of deep-water;(2)Rare Earth Element(REE)distribution model shows that the sandstone is rich in LREE and is short of HREE and has the negative Eu-anomaly,indicating that the provenance may derive from the intermediate and acid rock in the upper crust;(3)the provenance discrimination diagrams show that the sandstone of the Pingliang Formation is a mixture of sedimentary rock and granite,while the magmatic component is dominated by intermediate and acid rock;(4)Geochemical data of the sandstone suggests that the geological setting significantly belong to continental island arc and passive continental settings. The study area in Longxian during the Late Ordovician period was located in the back arc basin. At that time,the southwestern margin of the North China Craton with the full trench-arc-basin system was changed from the passive continental margin into the active continental margin.