多年冻土地区机场跑道修筑技术现状

我国分布有大面积的多年冻土, 根据我国机场建设的中长期规划, 未来将在多年冻土区修建大量机场, 这些机场的修建将不能避免多年冻土问题. 国内关于冻土区机场跑道修筑的经验非常有限, 国外则开始的较早, 并积累了一些经验. 总结分析国内外多年冻土区机场跑道修筑技术的现状, 其跑道类型主要有: 基岩跑道、开挖换填法修筑的跑道、铺设隔热层的跑道、安装热管的跑道, 共4类. 由于我国多年冻土区的特殊性, 国外的跑道修筑经验只能在一定程度上参考. 由于飞机跑道不同于铁(公)路的特殊性, 近年国内在冻土区铁(公)路的修建过程中采用的稳定冻土地基的工程措施如何应用到机场跑道的建设上, 仍需进一步研究、验证和实践. 将来在我国多年冻土区修建机场跑道, 应结合国外已有的技术和经验, 并以我国在多年冻土区线性工程中已取得的经验作为基础, 进一步研究我国多年冻土区机场跑道修筑的关键技术.

Techniques of airport runway construction in permafrost regions:A review

There are large areas of permafrost spread out in China.According to the medium-and long-term plan-ning of airport construction in China,a lot of airports will be built in permafrost regions in the future.Some permafrost engineering problems will not be avoided during the construction of airports.The domestic experi-ences of airport runway construction are very limited.But at abroad,airport runway construction in permafrost regions has started earlier and some experiences have been accumulated.On the basis of the techniques and expe-riences of airport runway construction in permafrost regions at home and abroad,four airport runway types have been summarized and reviewed,which include the runways built on bed rock,on the backfilled sandy gravel, with insulation layers and with thermosyphons.Owing to the particularity of permafrost and climate condition in China,the abroad experiences of runway construction can be used only as a reference to a certain extent.In recent years,some engineering measures have been used in the construction of railways and highways to stabilize the permafrost foundation in domestic.Because of the specific characteristics of runway and the differences between the runway and linear road engineering,some further researches still need to do,in order to better understand the field and laboratory validations and to apply the measures from road engineering to airport runway construction.In the coming future,for the airport runway construction in permafrost regions in China,the tech-niques and experiences from road and airport engineering should be integrated.And some key techniques for airport runway construction in permafrost regions should be deeply studied in China.