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Ionospheric and geomagnetic disturbances during the 2005 Sumatran earthquakes
Authors:Alina Marie Hasbi  Mohammed Awad Momani  Mohd Alauddin Mohd Ali  Norbahiah Misran  Kazuo Shiokawa  Yuichi Otsuka  Kiyohumi Yumoto
Institution:1. Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia;2. Institute of Space Science (ANGKASA), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia;3. Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan;4. Space Environment Research Center, Kyushu University 53, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan;1. Department of Physics, M L S University, Udaipur, India;2. New Resident Doctor Hostel, GB Pant Hospital, New Delhi 110002, India;1. Department of Physics, Landmark University, P.M.B. 1001, Omu Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria;2. Department of Physics, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria;1. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States;2. The University of Texas at Dallas, W.B. Hanson Center for Space Sciences, Richardson, TX, United States;3. National Institute for Space Research, São José dos Campos, Brazil;4. Rand Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, United States;1. Department of Industrial Physics, Landmark University, PMB 1001, Kwara State, Nigeria;2. Department of Physics, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria;3. Lowell Digisonde International, LLC, 175 Cabot Street, Suite 200, Lowell, MA 01854, USA;4. Space Environment Research Center (SERC), Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan;1. Department of Physics, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda;2. Department of Physics, Busitema University, Tororo, Uganda;3. South African National Space Agency (SANSA) Space Science, P.O. Box 32, Hermanus 7200, South Africa;1. Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad 380009, India;2. Now at Indian Institute of Geomagnetism, Navi Mumbai, 410218, India;3. Space Application Centre, Ahmedabad 380015, India;4. Space Physics Laboratory, VSSC, Trivandrum 625022, India
Abstract:This paper investigates the ionospheric and geomagnetic responses during the 28 March 2005 and 14 May 2005 Sumatran earthquakes using GPS and magnetometer stations located in the near zone of the epicenters. These events occurred during low solar and geomagnetic activity. TEC oscillations with periods of 5–10 min were observed about 10–24 min after the earthquakes and have horizontal propagation velocities of 922–1259 m/s. Ionospheric disturbances were observed at GPS stations located to the northeast of the epicenters, while no significant disturbances were seen relatively east and south of the epicenters. The magnetic field measurements show rapid fluctuations of 4–5 s shortly after the earthquake, followed by a Pc5 pulsation of 4.8 min about 11 min after the event. The correlation between the ionospheric and geomagnetic responses shows a good agreement in the period and time lag of the peak disturbance arrival, i.e. about 11–13 min after the earthquake.
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