闽江口及其附近海域棘头梅童鱼资源的研究

利用2006～2007年4个季节的底拖网捕捞渔获调查数据,对闽江口及附近海域底拖网鱼类中的棘头梅童鱼的资源状况进行了分析.结果表明：棘头梅童鱼在春季和冬季的渔获质量所占比例较高,分别为3.2%和4.8%;而夏季和秋季的渔获质量所占比例较低,分别为1.8%和1.5%.优势体长组为110～120mm;4个季节的资源密度波动于1.44～38.61kg/km2之间,其平均值为16.14kg/km2.4个季节的平均资源现存量约为58.09t,其中冬季资源量最大（138.99t）;资源密度在春、冬季明显高于夏、秋季;资源分布与水温、水深及盐度等环境因子关系密切.其喜栖息于低温、低盐和浅水海域,秋、冬季分布较广,部分出现离岸及南移现象.文中还应用ELEFAN技术分析了棘头梅童鱼的Von Bertalanffy生长参数（K）、极限体长（L∞）、总死亡系数（Z）、自然死亡系数（M）和开发率（E）,各指标值分别为0.60、183.75mm、2.42、0.69和0.71.这说明其生长较为迅速,但捕捞死亡率过高,已出现过度捕捞现象,应该加强保护以实现资源可持续再生与利用.

Study of the Collichthys lucidus fisheries resources of the Minjiang Estuary and its adjacent waters

The fisheries resources of Collichthys lucidus were studied,based on survey data collected using a bottom trawl during August 2006,January 2007,April 2007 and October 2007 in the Minjiang Estuary and its adjacent waters（25°42′ to 26°27′N and 119°42′ to 120°15′E）.The results indicated that the proportion of C.lucidus to total fish quantity was high in spring and winter（3.2% and 4.8%） but relatively low in summer and autumn（1.8% and 1.5%）.The dominant body length was 110 to 120mm.The average density ranged from 1.44 to 38.61kg/km2 over the four seasons.The average current fisheries resource was 58.09 tons,with a maximum value in winter（138.99 tons）.Resource intensities in spring and winter were significantly higher than those of summer and autumn.C.lucidus distribution was related to water temperature,water depth and salinity.Fish exhibited a tendency to inhabit shallow sea water with low temperature and low salinity.A wider range was found during autumn and winter with a partial offshore distribution and southward movement.The ELEFAN method was used to evaluate the Von Bertalanffy growth parameter K,limited length L∞,total mortality coefficient Z,natural death rate coefficient M and exploited rate E,and the values were 0.60,183.75mm,2.42,0.69,and 0.71,respectively.C.lucidus in the Minjiang Estuary and its adjacent waters were found to grow relatively rapidly but the fishing mortality coefficient was excessively high.This reflects over-fishing and protection of fisheries resources must be improved to achieve sustainability.