Role of sediment composition in trace metal distribution in lake sediments |
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| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3. State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;4. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi''an 710061, China;5. Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi''an 710061, China;6. Suzhou academy of agricultural sciences, Suzhou 215155, China;1. Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;2. School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100081, China;3. Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology Comsats University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Pakistan;4. College of Agriculture, Baha Uddin Zakariya University, Bahadur Sub-Campus Layyah, Pakistan;5. School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, Guangdong Province, China;6. MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;7. Adaptive Research Farm, Karor, Pakistan;8. International Faculty of Applied Technology, Yibin University, Yibin 644000, China;1. Marine Eco-Technology Institute, Busan 48520, Republic of Korea;2. Marine Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea;3. East Sea Environment Research Division, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Uljin 36315, Republic of Korea;1. Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh;2. Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh;3. Environmental and Life Sciences Programme, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei Darussalam;4. Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;5. School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Sediment cores were collected from 20 lakes from the Muskoka region of Ontario, Canada, to study vertical changes in trace metal concentrations with depth and the distribution of metals amongst humic material, amorphous and crystalline Fe and Mn oxides, insoluble organics/sulphides, and silicates. Based on their total concentrations, trace elements displayed different degrees of affinity for the organic fraction (represented by organic C) and the mineral fraction (represented by Al). Certain elements (Hg, As, Sb, Pb, Cd, and Zn) displayed a positive correlation with organic C, a negative correlation with Al, and enrichment in surface sediments (with enrichment factors ranging from 2 to 24). Detailed speciation studies revealed that these elements were associated mainly with humic material and to a lesser extent with oxides in surface sediments. Other elements (Al, Cr, Co, Fe, and Mn) displayed a negative correlation with organic C, a positive correlation with Al, and no consistent enrichment in their total concentration at the surface. The speciation study revealed that metals of the latter group were mainly associated with the silicate fraction in both surface and deep sediments. This study shows that relative affinities for organic and mineral fractions play an important role in the distribution of trace metals during burial and diagenesis, and hence in the shape of their vertical profiles. |
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