一次增雨作业的FY-4A卫星反演分析

本文利用FY-4A卫星对2019年5月四川盆地实施的一次人工增雨减轻空气污染作业条件进行分析,综合分析增雨可播性,判别增雨潜力区和作业高度,为开展人工增雨作业提供可靠的依据,然后利用多普勒天气雷达、地面气象台站、空气质量指数、颗粒物污染物浓度等多种数据资料分析人工增雨作业前后作业云体宏观情况和空气质量、雨量的变化,对其作业效果进行分析。结果表明:(1)5月12日四川盆地西部有云系发展,作业前6小时作业区附近主要为积层混合云,存在大量过冷水,红色对流泡云顶温度约为-30℃,粒子有效半径为15~40μm,作业前0~3小时作业区位于深厚对流降水云边缘,云顶温度约为-40℃,粒子有效半径为7~40μm,作业区南部有大片积层混合云,提供大量过冷水;(2)作业区内,高低空配合的环流场形成了较有利的降水形势,作业云体过冷水丰沛,增雨潜力较好,符合人工播撒催化剂条件,适宜开展人工增雨作业;(3)经过人工增雨作业后,作业区雨量峰值降雨时间延长,总体雨量增加,作业区的AQI从82降到29,PM10从94μg/m3下降到28μg/m3,PM2.5从49μg/m3降到17μg/m3,而3个对比区没有实施人工增雨作业,空气质量指数持续超标数小时。

A Case Analysis of FY-4A Satellite-Retrieved of Artificial Precipitation Enhancement Operation

A new applicable tool will be provided for satellite detection of the conditions of precipitation enhancement.A precipitation process of stratiform clouds from 12 May, 2019 was selected to analyze rainfall enhancement with FY4A satellite retrieval products.In this paper, observation data from the Doppler weather radar, ground meteorological stations and air pollutant monitoring are used to analyze the conditions and effects of the artificial precipitation operations during this dust transmission process. The results show that: ①Most parts of Sichuan basin are covered with medium-low clouds with rich supercooled water, and some parts have high clouds, the effective radius(Re) of cloud base was 5~18μm ; The characteristics of cloud evolution from noon to dusk, the clouds were rich in supercooled water but lack of ice crystals or large drops; ②There was a good opportunity for rainfall enhancement because of the existence of sustained and stable stratiform clouds; ③It shows that after the artificial rainfall enhancement operations, the operation clouds continue to develop, the peak rainfall time is extended, the overall rainfall increases, the air pollution is reduced, the air quality index of the operation areadecreased from 82 to 29, PM₁₀ decreased 94μg/m3 to 28μg/m3, PM2.5 decreased from 49μg/m3 to 17μg/m3; while the three contrast areasdid not carry out artificial precipitation enhancement operations, and the air quality index continued to exceed the standard from several hours.