微观视角下的移民地方感及其影响因素——以广州市城中村移民为例

广州石牌村、棠下村和珠村3 个市中心到市郊均匀扩散的城中村为例，通过修订量表对城中村移民进行施测，然后采用SPSS 17.0 和M-plus 7 统计软件整理数据。从微观视角分析城中村移民的地方感（城中村和乡下两种地方感）在性别、年龄、居住时间、居住形式、收入水平、文化资本、根植性、居住环境和社会融合等因素中的差异及其影响路径。研究发现：① 地方感存在性别差异。女性的地方感均值不管是在城中村，还是在其故乡的均比男性低；② 移民的地方感在年龄、居住时间和居住形式上的t 检验结果没有差异，而在收入水平上有差异；③ 文化资本、居住环境和社会融合等因素，其在地方感的高低分组之间的影响存在差异；④ 社会融合与文化资本、根植性和居住环境呈显著正相关，而乡下地方感与文化资本和居住环境呈显著负相关；⑤ 从影响路径来看，地方感不能直接影响社会融合，而是通过根植性、居住环境和文化资本等因素进行间接的影响。

The migrants' sense of place and its influencing factors on a microcosmic perspective: A case study of the migrants in the urban villages in Guangzhou

The relationship between people and places is characterized by affective and cognitive dimensions, respectively as sense of place. In the view of microcosmic perspective, this paper aims at clarifying the differences and their effect path of the migrants’sense of place between urban and rural hometown in the factors including gender, age, income level, cultural capital, rootedness, social cohesion, living condition, living forms and the length of living. For this purpose, we conducted a research on a sample of 412 migrants from three urban villages beside hongshan Road: Shipai, Tangxia and Zhucun, which are located from the center area to suburbs on an average distance in the east of Guangdong. The scale of sense of place we used here is revised from Kaltenborn B P (1998), and the factors of rootedness, social cohesion, living condition are detected by factor analysis in reference to Gordon M M (1964), Bonaiuto M (2003), Lewicka M (2005), etc. Results by using SPSS17.0 and M- plus7 show that: (1) There are differences in sense of place in gender, the mean value of female's sense of place is lower than that of male in both urban villages and rural hometown; (2) There is no difference in age, living forms and length of living while there are differences in income level; (3) Cultural capital, social cohesion and living condition show differences between high scores group and low scores group of the sense of place; (4) Social cohesion has positive correlation with cultural capital, rootedness and living condition, while the sense of place in rural hometown has negative correlation with cultural capital and living condition; (5) The sense of place affects the social cohesion indirectly by the factors of rootedness, living condition and culture capital.