FAO土地利用规划研究进展评述

联合国粮农组织（FAO）作为面向发展中国家的国际组织，自20世纪70年代以来一直致力于土地利用评价和规划的研究和实践。不同发展时期的土地利用规划特点及其发展趋势对当前我国社会主义市场经济转轨时期的土地利用规划编制具有借鉴意义。本文以90年代以来FAO土地利用规划的发展过程为基础，提出不同阶段下FAO土地利用规划的特点，并指出了未来发展的5个趋势：规划重点由协调土地用途的冲突为主走向协调利益相关者的冲突并重；规划内容由适宜性评价为主体走向持续性评价和制度安排并重；规划过程由自上而下为主走向上下结合；持续重视不同空间尺度下土地利用规划的一致性和差异性；不断发展为规划服务的土地利用决策工具。

Review about Proceedings of Land Use Planning in FAO

Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) is an international organization regarding developing country with emphasis in research. Since 1970's, it has been focusing on the research and practice of land use planning and has made a lot of achievement. China has almost same land use structure, with agricultural land as major. And now China is carrying out reform from plan-oriented economic system to market ~ oriented economic system. So the experience of FAO is a good reference for land use planning in this special stage. Based on proceeding of land use planning in FAO after 1990's , the characteristics of land use planning in 1993, 1995,1997,1999 are put forward respectively. These characteristics display that the goal and content and process is closely relative to national political and economic system, land resource characteristic , social developing stage, tradition, culture and so on. But in summary, there are 5 trends in the future of land use planning in developing country as follows: from coordinating the conflict of different land utilization to coordinating the conflict of different stakeholders; from considering top-down as main process to combination of top-down and top-up; continually paying attention to the consistency and difference of land use planning in different spatial level; and ceaselessly develop land use decision tool serving for planning.