中国南方春季大尺度大气水汽汇时空变化特征

 用1958-2004年NCEP/NCAR再分析资料分析了中国南方春季大尺度大气水汽汇的时空变化特征。结果表明：华南中东部、广西北部-湖南西部-贵州东部地区是中国南方春季水汽汇的两个主要变异中心区。华南中东部春季水汽汇具有明显的年际和年代际变化特征，并以年代际方差占优；广西北部-湖南西部-贵州东部地区春季水汽汇以年际变化为主。华南中东部以及广西北部-湖南西部-贵州东部地区水汽汇的强度异常与东亚上空水汽输送异常导致上述地区垂直积分的水汽通量辐合的异常密切相关，当中国南方上空有西南（东北）风水汽通量距平，即西南风水汽输送增强（减弱）时，则上述地区上空的水汽汇偏强（偏弱）。

Spatial and Temporal Variations of Large-scale Atmospheric Moisture Sinks over Southern China in Spring

The spatial and temporal variations of large-scale atmospheric moisture sinks over southern China in spring during 1958-2004 are studied based on the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data. The results reveal that the two main anomalous centers of moisture sinks lay in the central and eastern parts of South China, and the border region of Guangxi, Hunan and Guizhou Provinces, respectively. The first anomalous center showed both remarkably interannual and interdecadal variations with the interdecadal variance being dominant, while the second center mainly displayed interannual variation. When the southwesterly (northeasterly) moisture flux over southern China and its vicinity increased, then more (less) water vapor was transported from the low latitudes to the atmosphere over southern China, which resulted in strong (weak) atmospheric moisture sinks over the above-regions in southern China.