波浪作用下三角型人工鱼礁水动力特性数值模拟与实验验证

人工鱼礁在波浪作用下水动力特性的研究对于人工鱼礁的工程安全与设计具有非常重要的意义。基于有限体积法,采用推板造波形式,通过利用VOF方法求解波面的方式建立了模拟人工鱼礁与波浪相互作用的三维数值波浪水槽。基于该数值模型研究了波浪作用下三角型镂空人工鱼礁的受力情况,并与物理模型实验结果进行比较,结果显示模拟得到的人工鱼礁受力和波浪形态均与实验结果吻合良好。根据数值模拟结果,拟合出波浪作用下人工鱼礁的水动力系数。单体三角型镂空人工鱼礁的速度力系数Cd随着Kc数、Re数的增加呈现减小的趋势;惯性力系数Cm则随着Kc数、Re数的增加呈现波动趋势。数值模拟结果显示在一个波浪周期内,人工鱼礁周围产生了较强的上升流和回流,其内部产生了明显的涡旋结构。研究结果为人工鱼礁的设计优化提供了理论依据。

Numerical simulation and experimental validation of hydrodynamic characteristics of submerged artificial reef in waves

The investigation of hydrodynamic characteristics of submerged artificial reef in waves is very important for the engineering safety and design of the artificial reef. Based on the finite volume method, adopting the movement border as a wave generator, a 3D numerical wave tank was established by the volume of fluid (VOF) method which was used to simulate the interaction between artificial reef and waves. Based on this numerical model, the force of the hollow triangular artificial reef under the action of waves was investigated. By comparing the numerical results with the physical model experiment results, the accuracy of the simulation of waves and forces was verified. According to the simulation results, the hydrodynamic coefficients of the artificial reef in waves were fitted out. The velocity force coefficient (Cd) of a single hollow triangular artificial reef shows a decreasing trend with the Keulegan-Carpenter number and Reynolds number increasing, and the inertia force coefficient (Cm) shows a trend of fluctuation. The simulation results also show that a strong upward flow and reflow appear around the artificial reef, and vortices appear in the internal structure. The investigation results provide a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of artificial reefs.