陕西省重点成矿带与矿集区矿山地质环境遥感监测研究

矿产资源开发对周边生态环境产生诸多影响。采用DEM和IKONOS、QUICKBIRD、WORLDVIEW、SPOT-5等卫星遥感解译资料对陕西省重点成矿带与矿集区矿山地质环境的现状及变化趋势进行了研究。结果表明,矿山开发对土地的破坏和占用强度以煤矿为首,其次为砖瓦粘土、砂石等,且煤矿区占地面积扩展迅速。矿山开发所引发的地质灾害(隐患)主要表现为塌陷坑、地裂缝、崩塌(隐患)、泥石流(隐患)和地面塌陷区(隐患)等。环境污染主要表现为水体污染、粉尘污染和尾矿污染,而水体污染问题较为突出。根据研究结果提出了治理建议。

Study of Remote Sensing Monitoring Concerning Geological Environment of Major Metallogenic Belt and Mining Concentrations in Shaanxi Province

The exploitation of mineral resources has much influence on the surrounding ecological environment. By interpreting materials collected by DEM, IKONOS, QUICKBIRD, WORLDVIEW-2 and SPOT-5, a study was implemented on geological environment status and development trend concerning metallogenic belt and mining concentrations. The result showed that coal mine exploitation holds the largest proportion in terms of land damage and occupation, followed by brick clay, sand and so on. Moreover, areas shared by coal mining is expanding rapidly. Geological disasters caused during mining exploitation are mainly collapsed pits, splits, cracks(potential), debris flow(potential), ground collapse(potential), and so on. Forms of environmental pollution are water pollution, dust pollution and tailings pollution, among which water pollution is particularly serious. Treatment and controlling measures were given on the basis of study results.