辽东山地老秃顶子冰缘地貌特征及其环境意义

通过对以老秃顶子为中心的辽东冰缘地貌分布区考察研究, 发现区内广泛发育的冰缘地貌类型为石河、石流坡、石海, 偶见石堡、雪蚀洼地、寒冻风化崩坍崖和倒石堆. 砾石大小不一, 堆积混杂无序, 在地表径流的作用下, 具有潜在的移动性. 风化淋溶以石流坡地貌最为显著, 土壤营养元素含量及成壤作用均以石河最优. 石下暗河发育, 上覆植被多样, 植被类型随海拔自高向低可划分为灌草丛、灌丛、矮曲林、暗针叶林、针阔混交林、落叶阔叶林, 其群落类型变化与冰缘过程趋于复杂化具有一致的发展趋势. 由于该区生境条件苛刻, 植被演替极慢且容易发生山地灾害, 建议加强人为干预, 改善植被覆盖状况, 促进演替进度, 以提高此冰缘地貌的稳定性.

Periglacial landforms in the Mt. Laotudingzi of eastern Liaoning Province: characteristics and environmental significance

Investigation and study of periglacial landforms were done in the Mt. Laotudingzi in the center of the Laotudingzi National Nature Reserve in eastern Liaoning Province. It is found that the extensively developing periglacial landforms in this region involve block streams, rock glaciers, rock block fields, and occasionally, rock forts, nivation swales, gelifraction collapses and taluses. The gravel is not uniformed in distribution size and shape, and its deposition mode is chaotic, which has potential mobility under surface runoff. The effect of weathering and eluviation is most remarkable within rock glacier. The block stream is good at pedogenesis and rich in nutritive element content. Moreover, there is a specific landscape, under which subsurface stream forms, above which the vegetation cover is various, which can be classified as deciduous broad leaved forest, coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest, dark coniferous forest, krummholz, shrub and shrub-meadow, changing with elevation successively in accordance to the complexity of periglacial landform. In view of the severe environment, extremely tough vegetation succession in this region, human intervention is of utmost importance. It is suggested to consummate vegetation coverage and to promote succession process quickly, in order to improve the stability of this periglacial landform. It should be made it possible to maintain a balanced unity to protect environment, to promote the condition of vegetation and to stabilize the deposition of periglacial landform, so landform can be protected in a comprehensive way.