南水北调中线工程不同调水规模对汉江中下游影响分析

南水北调中线工程是解决我国北方地区水资源紧缺的重大战略措施。但调水将给汉江中下游的水文情势及用水带来一定的影响。文章分析了丹江口水库不同调水方案对汉江中下游水位、流量及灌溉和航运的影响，并提出补偿工程措施。调水６０×１０８ｍ３对汉江中下游的影响较小，可基本不予补偿；调水１５０×１０８ｍ３的影响稍重，但对航运和灌溉用水的影响不大，适当补偿可以解决；调水２３０×１０８ｍ３对汉江中下游水位流量及用水的影响十分严重，必须全部渠化并修建江汉运河。

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT SCALES OF MR SNWTP ONTHE DOWN STREAM OF THE DANJIANGKOU RESERVOIR

The Middle Route of China's South to North Water Transfer Project (MR SNWTP) is one of the key engineerings to alleviate water resources crisis in the North China Plain. But water transfer from the Hanjiang River would result in changes in hydrological regimes and water use in the basin. The paper deals with the effects of different water transfer scales on the down stream of the Danjiangkou Reservoir water source of MR SNWTP. The advantages and disadvantages of three water transfer scales: 6 billion m 3, 15 billion m 3, and 23 billion m 3 (in annual average water transfer quantity in 2020), were discussed. The effects of three scales on water tables, streamflows, navigation and irrigation were analyzed. The results demonstrated that, the scales of 1 5 billion m 3 and 6 billion m 3 would have small effects on the down stream of the reservoir and little change in navigation and irrigation water use, and do not need to build compensation engineerings; the scales of 15 billion m 3 would have moderate effects on water tables, streamflows, navigation and irrigation, and need to build compensation engineerings for irrigation at the lower stream of the river; while the scale of 23 billion m 3 would have great effects on water tables and streamflows and on irrigation and navigation, and need to compensate completely for water table decline and water quantity decrease for both irrigation and navigation.